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The landscape of potential health benefits of carotenoids as natural supportive therapeutics in protecting against Coronavirus infection.
Lu, Louise W; Gao, Yao; Quek, Siew-Young; Foster, Meika; Eason, Charles T; Liu, Min; Wang, Mingfu; Chen, Jie-Hua; Chen, Feng.
  • Lu LW; School of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
  • Gao Y; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
  • Quek SY; Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence for Food Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
  • Foster M; Edible Research Ltd, New Zealand; Wakatu Incorporation, Nelson, New Zealand.
  • Eason CT; Wakatu Incorporation, Nelson, New Zealand; Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
  • Liu M; Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
  • Wang M; Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
  • Chen JH; Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: siyanpijiehua@gmail.com.
  • Chen F; Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: sfchen@szu.edu.cn.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 154: 113625, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2003886
ABSTRACT
The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urges researching possibilities for prevention and management of the effects of the virus. Carotenoids are natural phytochemicals of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and may exert potential in aiding in combatting the pandemic. This review presents the direct and indirect evidence of the health benefits of carotenoids and derivatives based on in vitro and in vivo studies, human clinical trials and epidemiological studies and proposes possible mechanisms of action via which carotenoids may have the capacity to protect against COVID-19 effects. The current evidence provides a rationale for considering carotenoids as natural supportive nutrients via antioxidant activities, including scavenging lipid-soluble radicals, reducing hypoxia-associated superoxide by activating antioxidant enzymes, or suppressing enzymes that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Carotenoids may regulate COVID-19 induced over-production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, pro-inflammatory enzymes and adhesion molecules by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) and interleukins-6- Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (IL-6-JAK/STAT) pathways and suppress the polarization of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage. Moreover, carotenoids may modulate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ by acting as agonists to alleviate COVID-19 symptoms. They also may potentially block the cellular receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). These activities may reduce the severity of COVID-19 and flu-like diseases. Thus, carotenoid supplementation may aid in combatting the pandemic, as well as seasonal flu. However, further in vitro, in vivo and in particular long-term clinical trials in COVID-19 patients are needed to evaluate this hypothesis.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Biomed Pharmacother Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.biopha.2022.113625

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Biomed Pharmacother Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.biopha.2022.113625