Evaluation of the Difference between Ground-Glass Opacity and Consolidation in Chest CT scan Findings of COVID-19 Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation, CPAP and Mask in ICU

ABSTRACT

Background and aim: CT scan plays an important role in diagnosing, following up and determining the severity of COVID-19 pandemic conditions. The aim of present study was evaluation of the difference between ground-glass opacity and Consolidation in chest CT scan findings of COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation, CPAP and mask in ICU. Method: The present study was a case-control study. 75 patients admitted to the ICU wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran between March 2019 and April 2020 were examined and all of them were divided into three groups (case group mechanical ventilation (n=25);control group CPAP (n=25) and oxygen therapy (n=25)). This evaluation was performed on all 5 lung lobes separately and then a total score was calculated for grand glass turbidity and consolidation separately. The maximum score for each lobe will be 7 and the total score for lung involvement will be between 0 and 25. Other findings were described qualitatively. After collecting data, data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software. Result: 32% of patients were female and the mean age of patients was 61.53±13.55. There was no significant difference between different groups with age (p = 0.957), oxygen saturation percentage (p = 0.050), temperature (p= 0.160) and respiration rate (p = 0.055). Statistically significant difference between the values calculated for the pattern of GGO involvement and the type of respiratory support in all lobes. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, No significant relationship was found between consolidation of lung involvement and prediction of patients' condition. Pulmonary involvement of patients as ground glass opacity was the most common and important finding of pulmonary CT scan of COVID-19 patients.