Immune-mediated diseases after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination: rare but important complication.
Croat Med J
; 63(4): 389-393, 2022 Aug 31.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2006940
ABSTRACT
Since the beginning of mass vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), vaccine-linked immune-mediated diseases have been increasingly reported. The development of these diseases after COVID-19 vaccination may be attributed to the mechanisms of molecular mimicry and cross-reactivity between the viral spike protein and self-antigens. The most frequent vaccine-linked glomerular disease is immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Cutaneous vasculitis has also been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. In both diseases, deposition of immune complexes activates the inflammatory response with end-organ damage. We report on a case of de novo IgAN in a young man and a case of severe cutaneous vasculitis in a 68-year-old woman, both after the second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Neither of the patients had a history of autoimmunity or adverse reactions to vaccines. The temporal association between vaccination and disease development in the absence of other possible intercurrent inciting events suggests a causal mechanism, although coincidental co-occurrence cannot be excluded. In both cases, immunosuppressive treatment was warranted to stop disease progression and to partially or completely resolve the disease. A timely reaction is needed if new-onset signs of an immune-mediated disease appear after vaccination.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Vasculitis
/
Vaccines
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Case report
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Croat Med J
Journal subject:
Medicine
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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