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Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Prognostic Factors for Critical Illness in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
El-Kady, Asmaa M; Aldakheel, Fahad M; Allemailem, Khaled S; Almatroudi, Ahmad; Dbas Alharbi, Reem; Al Hamed, Hamad; Alsulami, Muslimah; Alshehri, Wafa A; El-Ashram, Saeed; Kreys, Eugene; Mohamed, Khalil; Al-Megrin, Wafa Abdullah I; Elshabrawy, Hatem A.
  • El-Kady AM; Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
  • Aldakheel FM; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
  • Allemailem KS; Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
  • Almatroudi A; Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
  • Dbas Alharbi R; Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
  • Al Hamed H; Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, 52211, Saudi Arabia.
  • Alsulami M; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21959, Saudi Arabia.
  • Alshehri WA; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21959, Saudi Arabia.
  • El-Ashram S; Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
  • Kreys E; Department of Clinical & Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA.
  • Mohamed K; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
  • Al-Megrin WAI; Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
  • Elshabrawy HA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX, 77304, USA.
Int J Gen Med ; 15: 6945-6963, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2009777
ABSTRACT

Background:

A good understanding of the possible risk factors for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) severity could help clinicians in identifying patients who need prioritized treatment to prevent disease progression and adverse outcome. In the present study, we aimed to correlate clinical and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients to disease outcome in Saudi Arabia. Materials and

Methods:

The present study included 199 COVID-19 patients admitted to King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia, from April to December 2020. Patients were followed-up until discharge either for recovery or death. Demographic data, clinical data and laboratory results were retrieved from electronic patient records.

Results:

Critical COVID-19 cases showed higher mean of age and higher prevalence of co-morbid conditions. Fifty-five patients died during the observation period. Risk factors for in hospital death for COVID 19 patients were leukocytosis (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.008-3.548, p = 0.081), lymphocytopenia (OR 2.152, 95% CI 1.079-4.295, p = 0.020), neutrophilia (OR 1.839, 95% CI 0.951-3.55, p = 0.047), thrombocytopenia (OR 2.152, 95% CI 0.852-5.430, p = 0.085), liver injury (OR 2.689, 95% CI 1.373-4.944, p = 0.003), acute kidney injury (OR 1.248, 95% CI 0.631-2.467 p = 0.319), pancreatic injury (OR 1.973, 95% CI 0.939-4.144, p = 0.056) and high D dimer (OR 2.635, 95% CI 0.747-9.287, p = 0.091).

Conclusion:

Clinical and laboratory data of COVID-19 patients may help understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and subsequently improve of the outcome of patients by determination of the associated risk factors and recognition of high risk group who are more liable for complications and in hospital death. The present study put an eye on some parameters (laboratory and clinical) that should be alarming signs that the patient is at high risk bad prognosis.
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Int J Gen Med Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: IJGM.S374090

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Int J Gen Med Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: IJGM.S374090