Evaluation of the Efficacy of an S-INDEL PEDV Strain Administered to Pregnant Gilts against a Virulent Non-S-INDEL PEDV Challenge in Newborn Piglets.
Viruses
; 14(8)2022 08 17.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2010307
ABSTRACT
A safe and efficacious live-attenuated vaccine for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is not commercially available in the United States yet. Two major PEDV strains are currently circulating in US swine highly virulent non-S-INDEL strain and milder virulent S-INDEL strain. In this study, the safety and protective efficacy of a plaque-purified S-INDEL PEDV isolate formulated as a vaccine candidate was evaluated. Ten pregnant gilts were divided into three groups and orally inoculated at 79 days of gestation and then boosted at 100 days gestation (T01 n = 4, vaccination/challenge; T02 n = 4, non-vaccination/challenge; T03 n = 2, non-vaccination/non-challenge). None of the gilts had adverse clinical signs after vaccination. Only one T01 gilt (#5026) had viral replication and detectible viral RNA in feces. The same gilt had consistent levels of PEDV-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in serum and colostrum/milk. Farrowed piglets at 3 to 5 days of age from T01 and T02 gilts were orally challenged with 103 TCID50/pig of the virulent non-S-INDEL PEDV while T03 piglets were orally inoculated with virus-negative medium. T01 litters had overall lower mortality than T02 (T01 36.4% vs. T02 74.4%). Specifically, there was 0% litter mortality from T01 gilt 5026. Overall, it appears that vaccination of pregnant gilts with S-INDEL PEDV can passively protect piglets if there is virus replication and immune response induction in the pregnant gilts.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Swine Diseases
/
Viral Vaccines
/
Coronavirus Infections
/
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Animals
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
North America
Language:
English
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
V14081801
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