A Comprehensive Review of Anti-Diabetic Drugs in COVID-19 Patients Co-morbidities with Diabetes

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder emerging as a global burden. Diabetes serves as a risk factor for many complications inclusive of COVID-19. The SARS – 2 pathogens have led to Coronavirus disease. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome recognized to cause respiratory infections in human beings. Diabetes patients being affected by coronavirus become more critical due to worsening hyperglycemia induces aggravation, endothelial dysfunction, and occlusion of blood vessels through the era of oxidative stress riding the down-regulation of glucose metabolism and hyperglycemia. Increased glucose level causes inflammation and tissue damage serves as a supportive factor for higher tissue damage in COVID patients. Sufferers with extreme COVID-19 have an exceptionally impaired interferon type 1 response with low IFN alpha activity in the blood, indicating excessive blood viral load, and an impaired inflammatory response. This can be alleviated by regular screening and appropriate therapy as like as metformin, camostat mesylate, chloroquine, and adjunctive therapy. Metformin is the desired preliminary drug to deal with T2DM. Camostat mesylate drug accelerated glycemia and insulin resistance and reduced fat buildup in mammalian models. Adjunctive treatment can be used to obviate the evolution of COVID-19.