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Palmitoylethanolamide Reduces Proinflammatory Markers in Unvaccinated Adults Recently Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Fessler, Samantha N; Liu, Li; Chang, Yung; Yip, Theresa; Johnston, Carol S.
  • Fessler SN; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Liu L; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Chang Y; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
  • Yip T; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
  • Johnston CS; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
J Nutr ; 152(10): 2218-2226, 2022 10 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2017989
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Inflammation is at the core of many chronic conditions and exacerbates infectious conditions, including the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections.

OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to examine the effects of a novel food supplement, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), specifically Levagen+, as compared with a placebo on proinflammatory biomarkers in adults recently diagnosed with COVID-19 who were unvaccinated and nonhospitalized.

METHODS:

This study was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted October 2020-March 2021 (clinicaltrials.gov NCT04912921). Participants aged 19-53 y were unvaccinated and recently infected with COVID-19 as indicated by a positive test result per RT-PCR or antigen test, and they reported to the test site following diagnosis as allowed by the CDC's return-to-work policy. Participants were stratified by age, sex, and BMI and randomly assigned by coin toss to receive 600 mg Levagen+ twice daily (LEV) or placebo tablets twice daily (CON) for 4 wk. At baseline and week 4, participants completed health histories, 24-h dietary recalls, anthropometrics, and nonfasting blood sampling. The primary outcomes were the 4-wk change between groups for IL-6, C-reactive protein, ferritin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Multiple linear regression models were utilized to assess treatment effects on outcomes, adjusting for covariates.

RESULTS:

A total of 60 participants completed the study (LEV n = 30; CON n = 30). After 4 wk of supplementation, sP-selectin (ß = -11.5; 95% CI -19.8, -3.15; P = 0.0078), IL-1ß (ß = -22.9; 95% CI -42.4, -3.40; P = 0.0222), and IL-2 (ß = -1.73; 95% CI -3.45, -0.065; P = 0.0492) concentrations were significantly reduced in the LEV group compared with the CON group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Inflammatory mechanisms are crucial to optimal resolution of infectious conditions, yet unchecked secretion of inflammatory mediators can promote the dysregulated immune response implicated in COVID-19 complications. Overall, PEA supplementation produced anti-inflammatory effects in individuals recently diagnosed with COVID-19 who were nonhospitalized.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: J Nutr Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jn

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: J Nutr Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jn