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The choroid plexus and its role in the pathogenesis of neurological infections.
Thompson, Derick; Brissette, Catherine A; Watt, John A.
  • Thompson D; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
  • Brissette CA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
  • Watt JA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA. john.watt@und.edu.
Fluids Barriers CNS ; 19(1): 75, 2022 Sep 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2021312
ABSTRACT
The choroid plexus is situated at an anatomically and functionally important interface within the ventricles of the brain, forming the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier that separates the periphery from the central nervous system. In contrast to the blood-brain barrier, the choroid plexus and its epithelial barrier have received considerably less attention. As the main producer of cerebrospinal fluid, the secretory functions of the epithelial cells aid in the maintenance of CNS homeostasis and are capable of relaying inflammatory signals to the brain. The choroid plexus acts as an immunological niche where several types of peripheral immune cells can be found within the stroma including dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells. Including the epithelia cells, these cells perform immunosurveillance, detecting pathogens and changes in the cytokine milieu. As such, their activation leads to the release of homing molecules to induce chemotaxis of circulating immune cells, driving an immune response at the choroid plexus. Research into the barrier properties have shown how inflammation can alter the structural junctions and promote increased bidirectional transmigration of cells and pathogens. The goal of this review is to highlight our foundational knowledge of the choroid plexus and discuss how recent research has shifted our understanding towards viewing the choroid plexus as a highly dynamic and important contributor to the pathogenesis of neurological infections. With the emergence of several high-profile diseases, including ZIKA and SARS-CoV-2, this review provides a pertinent update on the cellular response of the choroid plexus to these diseases. Historically, pharmacological interventions of CNS disorders have proven difficult to develop, however, a greater focus on the role of the choroid plexus in driving these disorders would provide for novel targets and routes for therapeutics.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Zika Virus / Zika Virus Infection / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Fluids Barriers CNS Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12987-022-00372-6

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Zika Virus / Zika Virus Infection / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Fluids Barriers CNS Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12987-022-00372-6