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COVID-19 symptom relationship to antibody response and ACE2 neutralization in recovered health systems employees before and after mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine.
Huhn, Gregory; Poorbaugh, Josh; Zhang, Lin; Beasley, Stephanie; Nirula, Ajay; Brothers, Jennifer; Welbel, Sharon; Wilson, James; Gillani, Sheena; Weber, Kathleen M; Morack, Ralph; Keckler, Kody; Benschop, Robert J.
  • Huhn G; The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Poorbaugh J; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Zhang L; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
  • Beasley S; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
  • Nirula A; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
  • Brothers J; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
  • Welbel S; The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Wilson J; The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Gillani S; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Weber KM; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Morack R; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Keckler K; The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center, Cook County Health, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
  • Benschop RJ; Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
PLoS One ; 17(9): e0273323, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2021911
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 can provide immunity and prevent reinfection. However, less is known about how the diversity, magnitude, and length of the antibody response after a primary infection is associated with symptoms, post-infection immunity, and post-vaccinated immunity.

METHODS:

Cook County Health employees provided blood samples and completed an online survey 8-10 weeks after a PCR-confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 test (pre-vaccinated, N = 41) and again, 1-4 weeks after completion of a 2-dose series mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine (post-vaccinated, N = 27). Associations were evaluated between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, participant demographics, and clinical characteristics. Antibody titers and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) neutralization were compared before and after the mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine.

RESULTS:

Antibody titers to the spike protein (ST4), receptor binding domain (RBD), and RBD mutant D614G were significantly associated with anosmia and ageusia, cough, and fever. Spike protein antibody titers and ACE2 neutralization were significantly higher in participants that presented with these symptoms. Antibody titers to the spike protein N-terminal domain (NTD), RBD, and ST4, and ACE2 IC50 were significantly higher in all post-vaccinated participant samples compared to pre-vaccinated participant sample, and not dependent on previously reported symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS:

Spike protein antibody titers and ACE2 neutralization are associated with the presentation of anosmia and ageusia, cough, and fever after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptom response to previous SARS-CoV-2 infection did not influence the antibody response from subsequent vaccination. These results suggest a relationship between infection severity and the magnitude of the immune response and provide meaningful insights into COVID-19 immunity according to discrete symptom presentation.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Ageusia / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0273323

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Ageusia / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0273323