Balances of federal transfers in SUS: what we have and what to expect from the COVID-19 increment. / Saldos dos repasses federais no SUS: o que temos e o que esperar do incremento para a COVID-19.

ABSTRACT

We analyzed the balances from the transfers from the Ministry of Health (MH) to subnational entities, to finance the Unified Health System (SUS), including for COVID-19. We verified the representativeness of these in relation to the transfers from the MH to public health actions and services, between 2019and 2020. We analyzed the MH ordinances that gave rise to the COVID-19 transfers, classifying them as quantity; object; apportionment criterion; amount of installments; execution linked to MH strategies; value. More than 70.000 current accounts were accounted for, and some subnational entities had more than 100. In 2019, balances reached R$16.29 billion (annual increase of 10.2%), representing 19.9% ​​of the total transferred. In 2020, they reached R$23.83 billion (an increase of 46.3%), representing 21.1% of all transfers, with a monthly trend of continued growth. More than 616 ordinances, with 28 different objectives, transferred R$32.30 billion to COVID-19. The resource, originally freely available, had R$11.88 billion (36.8%) linked to the strategies of the MH R$1.36 billion (99.9%) linked to the Structuring Block, and R$10.52 billion (34.0%) linked to the Maintenance Block. There are several causes that give rise to the accumulation of balances, however the quality, quantity and complexity of the SUS normative framework strongly contribute to an execution of resources that is not very fast, effective, efficient and useful.

RESUMO

Analisamos os saldos provenientes dos repasses do Ministério da Saúde (MS) aos entes subnacionais, destinados ao financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), inclusive para COVID-19. Verificamos a representatividade destes frente aos repasses do MS destinados às ações e serviços públicos de saúde, entre 2019 e 2020. Analisamos as portarias do MS que deram origem aos repasses COVID-19, classificando-as em quantidade, objeto, critério de rateio, quantidade de parcelas, execução vinculada a estratégias do MS, valor. Mais de 70 mil contas-correntes foram contabilizadas, alguns entes subnacionais tinham mais de cem. Em 2019, saldos atingiram R$16,29 bilhões (aumento anual de 10,2%), representando 19,9% do total repassado. Em 2020, R$23,83 bilhões (aumento de 46,3%), representando 21,1% do repassado, com tendência de crescimento. Mais de 616 portarias, com 28 diferentes objetivos, repassaram R$32,30 bilhões à COVID-19. O recurso, antes de livre utilização, teve R$11,88 bilhões (36,8%) vinculados às estratégias do MS R$1,36 bilhão (99,9%) Bloco Estruturação e R$10,52 bilhões (34,0%) Bloco Manutenção. Várias podem ser as causas que dão origem ao acúmulo de saldos, todavia qualidade, quantidade e complexidade do arcabouço normativo do SUS contribuem fortemente para uma execução dos recursos pouco célere, efetiva, eficiente e eficaz.