SARS-CoV-2 associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) - a review of 82 cases.
Med J Malaysia
; 78(3): 421-426, 2023 05.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-20235551
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Severe, acute, respiratory syndromecoronavirus- 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections can be complicated by central nervous system (CNS) disease. One of the CNS disorders associated with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID- 19) is posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). This narrative review summarises and discusses previous and recent findings on SARS-CoV-2 associated PRES.METHODS:
A literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using suitable search terms and reference lists of articles found were searched for further articles.RESULTS:
By the end of February 2023, 82 patients with SARS-CoV-2 associated PRES were recorded. The latency between the onset of COVID-19 and the onset of PRES ranged from 1 day to 70 days. The most common presentations of PRES were mental deterioration (n=47), seizures (n=46) and visual disturbances (n=18). Elevated blood pressure was reported on admission or during hospitalisation in 48 patients. The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. PRES was best diagnosed by multimodal cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Complete recovery was reported in 35 patients and partial recovery in 21 patients, while seven patients died.CONCLUSIONS:
PRES can be a CNS complication associated with COVID-19. COVID-19 patients with mental dysfunction, seizures or visual disturbances should immediately undergo CNS imaging through multimodal MRI, electroencephalography (EEG) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies in order not to miss PRES.
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Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome
/
COVID-19
/
Hypertension
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Reviews
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Med J Malaysia
Year:
2023
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Austria
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