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Spatial exploration of non-resilience to food insecurity, its association with COVID-19 and household coping strategies in East Gojjam districts, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020.
Negesse, Ayenew; Woyraw, Wubetu; Temesgen, Habtamu; Teka, Yohannes; Yismaw, Lieltwork; Akalu, Tadesse Yirga; Deml, Yikeber Argachew; Sume, Bickes Wube; Negesse, Yilkal; Taddege, Tesfahun; Kidie, Wassie Dessie; Teym, Abraham; Asmare, Biachew; Hune, Yidersal; Damte, Dawit; Getaneh, Temesgen; Gebre, Tsige; Tilahun, Bayu; Tenagne, Aemero; Tegegne, Eniyew; Birhanu, Molla Yigzaw; Mekonen, Habitamu; Shiferaw, Mulu; Kassahun, Woldeteklehaymanot; Desalegn, Beruk Berhanu.
  • Negesse A; Department of Human Nutrition, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. ayenewnegesse@gmail.com.
  • Woyraw W; Department of Human Nutrition, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Temesgen H; Department of Human Nutrition, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Teka Y; Department of Public Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Yismaw L; Department of Public Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Akalu TY; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Deml YA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Sume BW; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Negesse Y; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Science College, Mizan Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia.
  • Taddege T; Amhara Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.
  • Kidie WD; Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Teym A; Department of Environmental Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Asmare B; Department of Human Nutrition, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Hune Y; Department of Human Nutrition, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Damte D; Love in Action Ethiopia (LIAE), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Getaneh T; Department of Midwifery, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Gebre T; Department of Public Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Tilahun B; Departement of Health Informatics, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Tenagne A; SafeHands "Labour at the Last Mile", London, UK.
  • Tegegne E; Department of Environmental Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Birhanu MY; Department of Public Health, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Mekonen H; Department of Human Nutrition, Health Science College, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
  • Shiferaw M; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
  • Kassahun W; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
  • Desalegn BB; School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 15511, 2022 09 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2028731
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a significant multifaceted threat to the global community. Ethiopia, as a Sub-Saharan African country, is suffering from chronic food insecurity, and the emergence of such a pandemic will exacerbate the situation. As a result, this study investigated the spatial variation of non-resilience to food insecurity, its relationship with COVID-19, and household coping strategies to become resilient in the long run among households in the East Gojjam Zone of Northwest Ethiopia. From September 22 to December 24, 2020, an agro-ecological-based cross-sectional study of 3532 households was conducted to assess the spatial distribution and associated factors of non-resilience to household food insecurity. The enumeration areas (EAs) and households were chosen using a multistage sampling technique. Data were gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist using an Android device loaded with an Open Data Kit (ODK) template. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the specific factors associated with household non-resilience to food insecurity. A thematic analysis was conducted to investigate the opportunities and challenges of resilience for household food insecurity. Nearly two-thirds (62.5%) of the households were farmers, 67.9% lived in rural areas, and nearly three-quarters (73.8%) earned less than or equal to ETB 2100 per month. Males headed more than four-fifths of the households (81.7%). We found that nearly two-thirds of the households (60.02%), 95% CI 58.40, 61.64) were food insecure. After bivariate logistic regression, we found that households who were divorced (AOR = 2.54 (1.65, 3.87)), daily laborers (AOR = 2.37 (1.15, 4.87)), government employees (AOR = 2.06 (1.05, 4.05)), residents of highland and hot areas (AOR = 11.5 (5.37, 16.77)) and lowland areas (AOR = 1.35 (1.02, 3.15)) were frustrated by COVID-19 (AOR = 1.23 (1.02, 1.50)) and price inflation (1.89 (AOR = 1.42, 2.56))) were at higher odds of being non-resilient to household food insecurity at a 95% confidence level. Geospatial hot spot analysis revealed that Kurar kebele (the lowest government administrative unit) in Dejen District and Debre Markos town were the red-hotspot areas of household non-resilience to food insecurity. Less than a quarter of the households attempted to cope with food insecurity by adjusting their food consumption, while more than 60% of the households chose none of the coping strategies tested. According to the thematic analysis, the degree of poverty (lack of asset ownership), the COVID-19 pandemic, farm decreased variety, and low crop productivity were identified as challenges to coping with the hardship of resilience to food insecurity. During the COVID-19 pandemic and public emergency, the proportion of households that were unprepared for food insecurity reached its peak. It was recognized that a segment of the population with low economic capacity was more vulnerable to food insecurity and less resilient. Tough developmental gains will be undermined in this case. As a result, each responsible body and stakeholder should develop and implement solid corrective plans for the local context.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Food Supply / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-19963-2

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Food Supply / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-19963-2