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Distinct Immune Phenotypes and Cytokine Profiles in Children with Differing Severity of COVID-19.
Talarico, Laura Beatriz; Toledano, Analía; Contrini, María Marta; Torrado, Lidia E; Martínez, María Paula; Gaillard, María Isabel; Caratozzolo, Ana; Byrne, Alana Brooke; Bonnin, Florencia Agustina; Tineo, María Soledad; Yfran, Eduardo Walter; Acosta, Patricio Leandro; López, Eduardo Luis.
  • Talarico LB; Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Biology, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Toledano A; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
  • Contrini MM; Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Biology, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Torrado LE; Department of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Program, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Martínez MP; Department of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Program, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Gaillard MI; Immunology, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP- CONICET-GCBA)-Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Caratozzolo A; Immunology, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP- CONICET-GCBA)-Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Byrne AB; Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Biology, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Bonnin FA; Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Biology, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Tineo MS; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
  • Yfran EW; Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Biology, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Acosta PL; Department of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Program, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • López EL; Department of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Program, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 41(11): 919-926, 2022 11 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2029110
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is usually mild and self-limited in children. However, a few Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infections in children may progress to severe disease with respiratory distress or can result in a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. The immune mechanisms for these differential clinical outcomes are largely unknown.

METHODS:

A prospective cohort study was performed to analyze the laboratory parameters, antibody response, immune phenotypes and cytokine profiles of 51 children with different clinical presentations of COVID-19.

RESULTS:

We found that the absolute lymphocyte counts gradually decreased with disease severity. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels in the acute phase and convalescence were not significantly different in patients with different disease severity. A decrease in CD3 + , CD4 + and CD8 + T cells was observed as disease severity increased. Both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were activated in children with COVID-19, but no difference in the percentage of HLADR + -expressing cells was detected across the severity groups. In contrast, MIS-C patients exhibited augmented exhausted effector memory CD8 + T cells. Interestingly, the cytokine profile in sera of moderate/severe and MIS-C patients revealed an increase in anti-inflammatory IL-1RA and a suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α, RANTES, eotaxin and PDGF-BB. MIS-C patients also exhibited augmented IL-1ß.

CONCLUSIONS:

We report distinct immune profiles dependent on severity in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Further investigation in a larger population will help unravel the immune mechanisms underlying pediatric COVID-19.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cytokines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Journal subject: Communicable Diseases / Pediatrics Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: INF.0000000000003669

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cytokines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Journal subject: Communicable Diseases / Pediatrics Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: INF.0000000000003669