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Neutralizing Immunity Induced Against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Variants in Vaccine Breakthrough Infections.
Brazer, Noah; Morris, Mary Kate; Servellita, Venice; Anglin, Khamal; Saldhi, Prachi; Garcia-Knight, Miguel; Bethancourt, Sutana; Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia; Wang, Baolin; Foresythe, Abiodun; Nguyen, Jenny; Gliwa, Amelia S; Pineda-Ramirez, Jesus; Sanchez, Ruth Diaz; Zhang, Yueyuan; Ott, Melanie; Wadford, Debra A; Andino, Raul; Kelly, J Daniel; Hanson, Carl; Chiu, Charles Y.
  • Brazer N; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Morris MK; California Department of Public Health, Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Richmond, California, USA.
  • Servellita V; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Anglin K; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Saldhi P; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Garcia-Knight M; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Bethancourt S; California Department of Public Health, Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Richmond, California, USA.
  • Sotomayor-Gonzalez A; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Wang B; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Foresythe A; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Nguyen J; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Gliwa AS; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Pineda-Ramirez J; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Sanchez RD; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Zhang Y; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Ott M; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • Wadford DA; Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Andino R; Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • Kelly JD; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
  • Hanson C; California Department of Public Health, Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Richmond, California, USA.
  • Chiu CY; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Infect Dis ; 226(10): 1688-1698, 2022 Nov 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2034602
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

As of early 2022, the Omicron variants are the predominant circulating lineages globally. Understanding neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 after vaccine breakthrough infections will provide insights into BA.2 infectivity and susceptibility to subsequent reinfection.

METHODS:

Live virus neutralization assays were used to study immunity against Delta and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in samples from 86 individuals, 24 unvaccinated (27.9%) and 62 vaccinated (72.1%), who were infected with Delta (n = 42, 48.8%) or BA.1 (n = 44, 51.2%). Among the 62 vaccinated individuals, 39 were unboosted (62.9%), whereas 23 were boosted (37.1%).

RESULTS:

In unvaccinated infections, neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against the three variants were weak or undetectable, except against Delta for Delta-infected individuals. Both Delta and BA.1 breakthrough infections resulted in strong nAb responses against ancestral wild-type and Delta lineages, but moderate nAb responses against BA.1 and BA.2, with similar titers between unboosted and boosted individuals. Antibody titers against BA.2 were generally higher than those against BA.1 in breakthrough infections.

CONCLUSIONS:

These results underscore the decreased immunogenicity of BA.1 compared to BA.2, insufficient neutralizing immunity against BA.2 in unvaccinated individuals, and moderate to strong neutralizing immunity induced against BA.2 in Delta and BA.1 breakthrough infections.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vaccines / Antibodies, Neutralizing Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vaccines / Antibodies, Neutralizing Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis