The Role of the Gut-Lung Axis in COVID-19 Infections and Its Modulation to Improve Clinical Outcomes.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed)
; 14(3): 23, 2022 08 03.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2040648
ABSTRACT
The main entry point of SARS-CoV-2 is the respiratory tract and as such immune defence in this site determines if the virus will spill-over to the systemic circulation and circulate and infect other major organs. The first line of mucosal immune defence is composed of mucins, an epithelial barrier, and immune cells in the nasal cavity. The lung immune defence is carried out by numerous alveoli. The lung microbiota is a key factor in determining the efficacy of lung mucosal immunity protection. The intestinal microbiota has been demonstrated to affect the severity of COVID-19. Gut dysbiosis is involved in hyperinflammation and multiple organ failure through communications with multiple organs. The gut lung axis could be the earliest axis affected in COVID-19. Through the gut-lung axis, gut dysbiosis can affect the pathogenesis of the lung in COVID-19. In this review, we summarise the effects that gut dysbiosis can progress on the lung, and the lung microbiota. The possible mechanisms and approaches for modulation are discussed.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
COVID-19
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Front Biosci (Schol Ed)
Journal subject:
Biology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.fbs1403023
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