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Efficacy of Mouth Rinses and Nasal Spray in the Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.
Idrees, Majdy; McGowan, Bridget; Fawzy, Amr; Abuderman, Abdulwahab Ali; Balasubramaniam, Ramesh; Kujan, Omar.
  • Idrees M; UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
  • McGowan B; Private Dental Practice, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.
  • Fawzy A; UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
  • Abuderman AA; College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
  • Balasubramaniam R; UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
  • Kujan O; UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health ; 19(19)2022 Sep 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2043751
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global and evolving pandemic associated with heavy health and financial burdens. Considering the oral cavity as the major reservoir for SARS-CoV-2, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the efficacy of mouth rinses and nasal sprays in reducing the salivary viral load of SARS-CoV-2. All in vivo and in vitro studies that assessed the virucidal efficacy of mouth rinses and nasal sprays against SARS-CoV-2 and were published in the English language from December 2019 to April 2022 were considered for analyses. Special Medical Subject Headings terms were used to search Pubmed, Scopus, Embase Ovid, and Web of Science databases. The toxicological data reliability assessment tool (ToxRToool) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Thirty-three studies (11 in vivo and 22 in vitro) were deemed eligible for inclusion in this analysis. Results of the pooled data showed that povidone-iodine is the most efficacious intervention in vivo in terms of reducing the SARS-CoV-2 salivary viral load, followed by chlorhexidine. The mean difference in the viral load was 86% and 72%, respectively. Similarly, povidone-iodine was associated with the highest log10 reduction value (LRV) in vitro, followed by cetylpyridinium chloride, (LRV = 2.938 (p < 0.0005) and LRV = 2.907 (p = 0.009), respectively). Povidone-iodine-based oral and nasal preparations showed favourable results in terms of reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral loads both in vivo and in vitro. Considering the limited number of patients in vivo, further studies among larger cohorts are recommended.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ijerph191912148

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ijerph191912148