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Optimization of Omega-3 Index Levels in Athletes at the US Naval Academy: Personalized Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dosage and Molecular Genetic Approaches.
Rittenhouse, Melissa; Sambuughin, Nyamkhishig; Deuster, Patricia.
  • Rittenhouse M; Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
  • Sambuughin N; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
  • Deuster P; Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Nutrients ; 14(14)2022 Jul 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2043871
ABSTRACT
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend increasing the intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The Omega-3 Index (O3I) is one marker used to assess omega-3 status. The O3I national average is 4.3%, which translates into a high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Research has reported an association between variants in the two desaturase encoding genes, fatty acid desaturase 1 and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1/2), and the concentration of O3I. The aim of this study was to assess whether a personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation would lead to an O3I ≥ 8%. A secondary aim was to identify if changes in O3I levels would be associated with either of the two FADS1/2 variants.

METHODS:

This interventional study had a pre- and post-intervention design to assess changes in O3I. Ninety participants completed demographic, biometrics, O3I, and genetic testing. Participants were provided a personalized dose of omega-3 supplements based on their baseline O3I.

RESULTS:

The majority (63%) of participants were 20 year old white males with an average O3I at baseline of 4.6%; the post-supplementation average O3I was 5.6%. The most frequent genetic variants expressed in the full sample for FADS1/2 were GG (50%) and CA/AA (57%).

CONCLUSIONS:

O3I was significantly increased following omega-3 supplementation. However, it was not possible to conclude whether the two FADS1/2 variants led to differential increases in OI3 or if a personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation led to an O3I ≥ 8%, due to our study limitations.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Fatty Acids, Omega-3 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Variants Limits: Adult / Humans / Male / Young adult Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Nu14142966

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Fatty Acids, Omega-3 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Variants Limits: Adult / Humans / Male / Young adult Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Nu14142966