Association of ACE1 I/D rs1799752 and ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphisms with the infection and severity of COVID-19: A meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: ACE1 I/D rs1799752 and ACE2 rs2285666 genetic polymorphisms could play a critical role in altering the clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2. The findings of previous studies remained inconclusive. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association and provide a more reliable outcome. METHODS: This study was completed following the updated recommendations of PRISMA using RevMan 5.4.1 statistical software. RESULTS: A total of 11 studies with 950 severe cases and 1573 non-severe cases with COVID-19 infection were included. Pooled analysis showed that ACE1 I/D polymorphism was correlated with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 in the DD genotype and D allele for the fixed-effects model (OR1.27 and OR1.17). Besides, codominant 3, recessive, and allele models were associated with the severity of the fixed-effects model (OR1.35, OR1.37, and OR1.20) in Caucasian ethnicity. ACE2 rs2285666 was linked with the severity in codominant 3 (OR2.63, for both random- and fixed effects-models), overdominant (OR1.97, for random-effects model and OR1.97, for fixed effects-model), and recessive model (OR0.41 for fixed- and random-effects model). Allele model of rs2285666 showed a significant association in the fixed-effects model (OR1.61). CONCLUSION: Our present meta-analysis suggests that ACE1 I/D rs1799752 and ACE2 rs2285666 variants may enhance the severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Future studies are warranted to verify our findings.