A case of 2019-nCoV novel coronavirus outbreak

ABSTRACT

This chapter reconnoiters various types of coronaviruses that cause zoonotic infection. Coronaviruses affecting the human population are known as human coronaviruses. Numerous coronaviruses exist that cause mild to severe ailments and fatalities, infection in the upper respiratory tract (URTI), acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome with varying degrees of severity may cause serious viral pneumonia, leading to hospitalization and death. SARS-CoV, transpired from China in late 2019, spread exponentially across the globe. World Health Organization stated this situation as a health emergency on March 11, 2020, and hence it was named as COVID-19. The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected health and economy around the world on an unprecedented scale. It is having a devastating effect on education, jobs, employment, domestic life, and the well-being of kids, youth, and elderly inhabitants. The incubation period for coronavirus disease is 2-14 days. Infected people have different clinical outcomes. However, people with preexisting cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and related conditions have worse health suffering consequences. The transmission rate of COVID-19 is relatively high as compared to other viruses, researches have proposed many strategies in combating the virus contagious behavior;hand hygiene practice, physical distancing, limiting contact with other people, tracing contacts, disinfecting the surfaces, and wearing the proper mask are few to name. At the moment, no vaccines or drugs with proven efficacy are available for the medical management of COVID-19 patients. Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, and Tocilizumab are strongly recommended treatment options in COVID-19. The chapter also throws light on coping strategies to overcome claustrophobia during the lock-down and dispelling COVID-19 rumors. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.