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Clinical severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 lineages compared to BA.1 and Delta in South Africa.
Wolter, Nicole; Jassat, Waasila; Walaza, Sibongile; Welch, Richard; Moultrie, Harry; Groome, Michelle J; Amoako, Daniel Gyamfi; Everatt, Josie; Bhiman, Jinal N; Scheepers, Cathrine; Tebeila, Naume; Chiwandire, Nicola; du Plessis, Mignon; Govender, Nevashan; Ismail, Arshad; Glass, Allison; Mlisana, Koleka; Stevens, Wendy; Treurnicht, Florette K; Subramoney, Kathleen; Makatini, Zinhle; Hsiao, Nei-Yuan; Parboosing, Raveen; Wadula, Jeannette; Hussey, Hannah; Davies, Mary-Ann; Boulle, Andrew; von Gottberg, Anne; Cohen, Cheryl.
  • Wolter N; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. nicolew@nicd.ac.za.
  • Jassat W; School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. nicolew@nicd.ac.za.
  • Walaza S; Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Welch R; Right to Care, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Moultrie H; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Groome MJ; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Amoako DG; Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Everatt J; Right to Care, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Bhiman JN; School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Scheepers C; Centre for Tuberculosis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Tebeila N; School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Chiwandire N; Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • du Plessis M; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Govender N; School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
  • Ismail A; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Glass A; Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Mlisana K; SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Stevens W; Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Treurnicht FK; SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Subramoney K; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Makatini Z; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Hsiao NY; Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Parboosing R; School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Wadula J; Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Hussey H; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa.
  • Davies MA; Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Boulle A; School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • von Gottberg A; Lancet Laboratories, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Cohen C; School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Nat Commun ; 13(1): 5860, 2022 10 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2050384
ABSTRACT
Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 drove a fifth wave of COVID-19 cases in South Africa. Here, we use the presence/absence of the S-gene target as a proxy for SARS-CoV-2 variant/lineage for infections diagnosed using the TaqPath PCR assay between 1 October 2021 and 26 April 2022. We link national COVID-19 individual-level data including case, laboratory test and hospitalisation data. We assess severity using multivariable logistic regression comparing the risk of hospitalisation and risk of severe disease, once hospitalised, for Delta, BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 infections. After controlling for factors associated with hospitalisation and severe outcome respectively, BA.4/BA.5-infected individuals had a similar odds of hospitalisation (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 0.98-1.55) and severe outcome (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.41-1.26) compared to BA.1-infected individuals. Newly emerged Omicron lineages BA.4/BA.5 showed similar severity to the BA.1 lineage and continued to show reduced clinical severity compared to the Delta variant.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Variants Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-022-33614-0

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Variants Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-022-33614-0