Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Lifestyle on Myopia.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)
; 11(5): 470-480, 2022 Sep 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2051584
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related lifestyle on myopia outcomes in children to young adults.METHODS:
A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases (with manual searching of reference lists of reviews). Studies included assessed changes in myopia-related outcomes (cycloplegic refraction) during COVID and pre-COVID. Of 367 articles identified, 7 (6 prospective cohorts; 1 repeated cross-sectional study) comprising 6327 participants aged 6 to 17 were included. Quality appraisals were performed with Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists. Pooled differences in annualized myopic shifts or mean spherical equivalent (SE) during COVID and pre-COVID were obtained from random-effects models.RESULTS:
In all 7 studies, SE moved toward a myopic direction during COVID (vs pre-COVID), where 5 reported significantly faster myopic shifts [difference in means of changes -1.20 to -0.35 diopters per year, [D/y]; pooled estimate -0.73 D/y; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.96, -0.50; P<0.001], and 2 reported significantly more myopic SE (difference in means -0.72 to -0.44 D/y; pooled estimate -0.54 D/y; 95% CI -0.80, -0.28; P<0.001). Three studies reported higher myopia (SE ≤-0.50 D) incidence (2.0- to 2.6-fold increase) during COVID versus pre-COVID. Of studies assessing lifestyle changes, all 4 reported lower time outdoors (pre-COVID vs during COVID 1.1-1.8 vs 0.4-1.0 hours per day, [h/d]), and 3 reported higher screen time (pre-COVID vs during COVID 0.7-2.8 vs 2.4-6.9 h/d).CONCLUSIONS:
This review suggests more myopic SE shifts during COVID (vs pre-COVID) in participants aged 6 to 17. COVID-19 restrictions may have worsened SE shifts, and lifting of restrictions may lessen this effect. Evaluations of the long-term effects of the pandemic lifestyle on myopia onset and progression in large studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
COVID-19
/
Myopia
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
/
Reviews
/
Systematic review/Meta Analysis
Limits:
Adult
/
Child
/
Humans
/
Young adult
Language:
English
Journal:
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Apo.0000000000000559
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