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Saliva sample for detection of SARS-CoV-2: A possible alternative for mass testing.
Salu, Olumuyiwa Babalola; Akase, Iorhen Ephraim; Anyanwu, Roosevelt Amaobichukwu; Orenolu, Mercy Remilekun; Abdullah, Maryam Abiodun; Giwa-Tubosun, Temie; Oloko, Sodiq Abiodun; Oshinjo, Ayomide Michael; Abiola, Aisha Ajoke; Oyedeji, Kolawole Solomon; Omilabu, Sunday Aremu.
  • Salu OB; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Akase IE; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Anyanwu RA; Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, Lagos University Teaching, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
  • Orenolu MR; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Abdullah MA; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Giwa-Tubosun T; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Oloko SA; Research and Development Unit, LifeBank, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Oshinjo AM; Research and Development Unit, LifeBank, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Abiola AA; Research and Development Unit, LifeBank, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Oyedeji KS; Research and Development Unit, LifeBank, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Omilabu SA; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
PLoS One ; 17(9): e0275201, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2054361
ABSTRACT
Molecular diagnostic testing has played a critical role in the global response to the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, since its first outbreak in late 2019. At the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic, nasopharyngeal swab sample analysis for COVID-19 diagnosis using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was the most widely used. However, due to the high cost and difficulty of sample collection, the number of available sample types for COVID-19 diagnosis is rapidly increasing, as is the COVID-19 diagnostic literature. The use of nasal swabs, saliva, and oral fluids as viable sample options for the effective detection of SARS-CoV-2 has been implemented successfully in different settings since 2020. These alternative sample type provides a plethora of advantages including decreasing the high exposure risk to frontline workers, enhancing the chances of home self-sampling, reducing the cost, and significantly increasing testing capacity. This study sought to ascertain the effectiveness of Saliva samples as an alternative for COVID-19 diagnosis in Nigeria. Demographic data, paired samples of Nasopharyngeal Swab and Drooling Saliva were obtained from 309 consenting individuals aged 8-83 years presenting for COVID-19 testing. All samples were simultaneously assayed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, N, and E genes using the GeneFinder™ COVID-19 Plus RT-PCR test kit. Out of 309 participants, only 299 with valid RT-PCR results comprising 159 (53.2%) males and 140 (46.8%) females were analyzed in this study using the R Statistical package. Among the 299 samples analyzed, 39 (13.0%) had SARS-CoV-2 detected in at least one specimen type. Both swabs and saliva were positive in 20 (51.3%) participants. Ten participants (25.6%) had swab positive/saliva-negative results and 9 participants (23.1%) had saliva positive/swab-negative results. The percentage of positive and negative agreement of the saliva samples with the nasopharyngeal swab were 67% and 97% respectively with positive and negative predictive values as 69% and 96% respectively. The findings indicate that drooling saliva samples have good and comparable diagnostic accuracy to the nasopharyngeal swabs with moderate sensitivities and high specificities.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Sialorrhea / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0275201

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Sialorrhea / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0275201