Pharmacological (or Synthetic) and Nutritional Agonists of PPAR-γ as Candidates for Cytokine Storm Modulation in COVID-19 Disease.
Molecules
; 25(9)2020 Apr 29.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-206035
ABSTRACT
The cytokine storm is an abnormal production of inflammatory cytokines, due to the over-activation of the innate immune response. This mechanism has been recognized as a critical mediator of influenza-induced lung disease, and it could be pivotal for COVID-19 infections. Thus, an immunomodulatory approach targeting the over-production of cytokines could be proposed for viral aggressive pulmonary disease treatment. In this regard, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, a member of the PPAR transcription factor family, could represent a potential target. Beside the well-known regulatory role on lipid and glucose metabolism, PPAR-γ also represses the inflammatory process. Similarly, the PPAR-γ agonist thiazolidinediones (TZDs), like pioglitazone, are anti-inflammatory drugs with ameliorating effects on severe viral pneumonia. In addition to the pharmacological agonists, also nutritional ligands of PPAR-γ, like curcuma, lemongrass, and pomegranate, possess anti-inflammatory properties through PPAR-γ activation. Here, we review the main synthetic and nutritional PPAR-γ ligands, proposing a dual approach based on the strengthening of the immune system using pharmacological and dietary strategies as an attempt to prevent/treat cytokine storm in the case of coronavirus infection.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Plants, Medicinal
/
Pneumonia, Viral
/
Coronavirus Infections
/
Thiazolidinediones
/
PPAR gamma
Topics:
Traditional medicine
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal subject:
Biology
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Molecules25092076
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