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SPONTANEOUS THORACIC FREE AIR IN COVID-19 PNEUMONIA AND CORRELATION WITH PATIENT OUTCOMES: A MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Chest ; 162(4):A1814, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-2060869
ABSTRACT
SESSION TITLE Outcomes Across COVID-19 SESSION TYPE Rapid Fire Original Inv PRESENTED ON 10/19/2022 1115 am - 1215 pm

PURPOSE:

Spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are reported as rare complications of COVID-19 pneumonia in various observational studies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of these complications and their outcome in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, at our inner-city hospital system in Central Pennsylvania.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective chart review of the patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia from March 2020 to March 2021 in 3 different hospitals located in central Pennsylvania. Data on their demographics, pre-existing comorbidities, inpatient location, radiologic findings, timeline of events, mode of oxygenation and ventilation, hematology, chemistry profile and inflammatory markers were obtained. Patients with known inciting events for barotrauma, other than COVID-19 pneumonia were excluded from our analysis.

RESULTS:

The mean age of patient cohort was 66 years (SD 14.07). Almost fifty two percent were obese with BMI more than 30 kg/m2 and 69.5% were male. Only 11.4% of the study population had history of COPD and majority (63.6%) did not have history of smoking. Out of 31,260 inpatients, only 44 (0.0014 %) patients spontaneously developed thoracic free air. Among them, 33 (75%) had pneumothorax, and 22 (50%) needed chest tube for the management. 18 (40.9%) had pneumomediastinum, and 20 (45.5%) had subcutaneous emphysema. These are not exclusive findings and some patients had free air in more than one location. Thirty (68.2%) patients were admitted to ICU (Intensive Care Unit), 20 (45.5%) patients needed invasive ventilation and 26 (61.4%) had in-hospital mortality. Mortality in ICU was significantly high (86.67%) compared to non-ICU patients (7.14%). The average duration of hospitalization was 28.18 days (SD 25.46).

CONCLUSIONS:

Incidence of spontaneous thoracic free air complication in COVID –19 pneumonia is a rare phenomenon. In our patient cohort, occurrence of these events was seen irrespective of type of oxygen delivery and ventilation. However, patients having these complications had a high rate of ICU admission. Mortality is significantly high especially in patients admitted to ICU. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Spontaneous thoracic free air complication in COVID-19 pneumonia is rare but can be a marker of poor prognosis. Vaccination status of study population was unknown, therefore the role of vaccination to prevent these complications and their outcome needs to be explored. DISCLOSURES No relevant relationships by Yi-Ju Chen No relevant relationships by Anatoliy Korzhuk No relevant relationships by Rajan Pathak No relevant relationships by Navitha Ramesh No relevant relationships by Michaela Sangillo
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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Type of study: Observational study / Reviews Language: English Journal: Chest Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Type of study: Observational study / Reviews Language: English Journal: Chest Year: 2022 Document Type: Article