RESPIRATORY RATE – OXYGENATION (ROX) INDEX CORRELATION WITH HIGH-FLOW NASAL CANNULA OUTCOME IN COVID-19 RESPIRATORY FAILURE: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE

ABSTRACT

SESSION TITLE Outcomes Across COVID-19 SESSION TYPE Rapid Fire Original Inv PRESENTED ON 10/19/2022 1115 am - 1215 pm PURPOSE: The ROX index (Respiratory rate - OXygenation), obtained by the calculation of SpO2/FiO2/respiratory rate (RR), is a tool previously found to predict intubation in patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF). There is variation in the time intervals described from HFNC to ROX index assessment as well as the cutoff value. This study investigates the role of the ROX index from 12 to 72 hours after HFNC initiation to predict intubation or death while on HFNC in patients with COVID-19 AHRF. METHODS: Adult patients (18 years or older) with confirmed nasopharyngeal PCR SARS-CoV-2 infection who received HFNC therapy between March 1 and July 15, 2020, at Monmouth Medical Center were included. 52 patients were available for analysis. Patients were divided into two groups those able to be weaned to traditional nasal cannula (group one) and those who were intubated or died while on HFNC (group two). RESULTS: Of the 52 patients evaluated, 28 (54%) required intubation or died while on HFNC (Group two). Group two mortality was 53.85% and overall mortality was 42.31%. A Kaplan-Meier analysis comparing patients whose ROX remained above 4.67 (Group A) with those with ROX <= 4.67 (Group B) within the first 12 hours showed that patients in Group B had a significantly shorter time to the event than those in Group A. CONCLUSIONS: Generally, higher ROX index values are associated with a lower risk of intubation on HFNC in AHRF. In this patient sample, any ROX index less than 4.67 at 12 hours or less than 4.04 at 24 hours was associated with an increased risk of eventual intubation or death while on HFNC. Thus, a low or decreasing ROX index may prompt more frequent reassessment and, if accompanied by other evidence of deterioration, may trigger an escalation of care. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS This study shows that the ROX index can stratify patients into low or higher risk for deterioration on HFNC among patients with COVID-19 AHRF. This could help optimize the use of critical care services, minimize PPE use, and promote safety for patients and healthcare workers. Future studies may include prospective analysis of the ROX index and exploration of modalities for monitoring patients receiving non-invasive ventilation. DISCLOSURES No relevant relationships by Reem alhashemi no disclosure on file for Alvin Buemio;No relevant relationships by Kenneth Granet No relevant relationships by Ikwinder Preet Kaur No relevant relationships by Violet Kramer No relevant relationships by Mohsin Mughal No relevant relationships by Chandler Patton