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Suicide rates in Ecuador: A nationwide study from 2011 until 2020.
Lapo-Talledo, German Josuet; Talledo-Delgado, Jorge Andrés; Portalanza, Diego; Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia S; Siteneski, Aline.
  • Lapo-Talledo GJ; School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador.
  • Talledo-Delgado JA; School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador.
  • Portalanza D; Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Physics, Climate Research group, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
  • Rodrigues ALS; Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
  • Siteneski A; School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador; Research Institute, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador. Electronic address: aline.siteneski@gmail.com.
J Affect Disord ; 320: 638-646, 2023 01 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2061411
ABSTRACT
Suicide, suicide ideations, and psychiatric disorder rates tend to increase after natural disasters such as earthquake. In 2016 Ecuador experienced a 7.8Mw earthquake and, more recently, the Covid-19 confinement. Both events may have negatively affected the mental health of the Ecuadorian population. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the suicide rates and choice of suicide method in the Ecuadorian population between January 2011 and December 2020. The dataset used is publicly available on the Ecuadorian National Institute of Statistics and Censuses. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for potential sociodemographic factors associated with each suicide method compared to other reported suicide methods. There were 10,380 registered cases of suicide in Ecuador between 2011 and 2020. Significant suicide rates per provinces were seen in Napo with 12.63 and Azuay with 12.52, followed by Bolívar with 12.30, and Orellana with 11.36 suicides/100,000 habitants. Hanging accounted for 7082 cases (68.2 %). The mestizos (82 %) were the most prevalent ethnicity of all suicide cases. School-age children with 6-12 years (OR 8.83, 95 % CI 5.34-14.59) and adolescents with 13-19 years (OR 1.46, 95 % CI 1.29-1.66) were more likely to use hanging as method of suicide. In conclusion, we observed an increase of suicide rates from 8.15 per 100,000 in 2011 to 8.81 in 2020. The confinement of COVID-19 pandemic in the period evaluated did not significantly affect the suicide rates. An increased suicide rate was observed in the province hardest hit by the 2016 earthquake.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Earthquakes / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Child / Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Ecuador Language: English Journal: J Affect Disord Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jad.2022.09.167

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Earthquakes / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Child / Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Ecuador Language: English Journal: J Affect Disord Year: 2023 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jad.2022.09.167