Development and laboratory production of virus-like immune-stimulating complexes based on saponins and evaluation of their adjuvant potential using mice immunisation with influenza antigens
BIOpreparations. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment
; 22(2):170-186, 2022.
Article
in Russian
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-2067593
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the public’s need for effective vaccines. Consequently, significant financial support has been provided to developers of a number of innovative vaccines, including the vaccines with saponin-based adjuvants. In 2021, the World Health Organisation recommended Mosquirix, the first malaria vaccine, which contains a saponin adjuvant. An anti-covid vaccine by Novavax is in the approval phase. A promising approach to vaccine development is presented by the use of virus-like immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMs) containing saponins and by the creation of combinations of ISCOMs with antigens. The aim of the study was to develop, produce and characterise virus-like immune-stimulating complexes based on saponins of Quillaja saponaria, as well as similar saponins of Russian-sourced Polemonium caeruleum. Materials and methods:
The ISCOM adjuvants, Matrix-BQ and Matrix-BP, were produced using liquid chromatography and examined using electron microscopy. Balb/c mice were immunised intraperitoneally and intramuscularly with ISCOM-antigen preparations. Afterwards, the immunised animals were challenged with the influenza virus strain, A/California/4/2009(H1N1)pdm09, adapted and lethal to mice. The serum samples were examined using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests.Results:
The authors produced the ISCOMs containing saponins of Quillaja saponaria and Polemonium caeruleum. After one intramuscular injection of either of the ISCOM-antigen preparations with 1 µg of each of A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1) pdm09, A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2), and B/Phuket/3073/2013 haemagglutinin antigens (HAs), HI tests detected serum antibody titres to the corresponding antigens of ≥140. Two intramuscular injections of the ISCOM-antigen preparation containing 50 ng of each of the HAs and Matrix-BQ resulted in a protective response. In some animals, two intraperitoneal injections of ISCOM-antigen preparations resulted in the maximum antibody titre to the A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2) vaccine strain of 120,480. Two intramuscular injections of a test preparation containing 5 µg, 1 µg, 200 ng, or 50 ng of each of the HAs and Matrix-BQ or a control preparation containing 5 µg, 1 µg, or 200 ng of each of the HAs (commercially available vaccines) to the mice that were afterwards infected with the lethal influenza strain protected the experimental animals from death.Conclusions:
The ISCOM-based preparations had high immunostimulatory activity in the mouse-model study. The presented results indicate the potential of further studies of ISCOM-based preparations in terms of both vaccine and immunotherapeutic development.
animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; antibody blood level; antibody titer; article; Bagg albino mouse; California; drug combination; electron microscopy; hemagglutination inhibition test; immunization; influenza; Influenza A virus (H1N1); Influenza A virus (H3N2); intramuscular drug administration; intraperitoneal drug administration; Kansas; liquid chromatography; male; mouse; mouse model; nonhuman; Quillaja; respiratory tract infection; Saponaria; vaccine development; virus strain; adjuvant; antigen; hemagglutinin; ISCOM; saponin; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
Language:
Russian
Journal:
BIOpreparations. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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