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Sero-surveillance for IgG to SARS-CoV-2 at antenatal care clinics in three Kenyan referral hospitals: Repeated cross-sectional surveys 2020-21.
Lucinde, Ruth K; Mugo, Daisy; Bottomley, Christian; Karani, Angela; Gardiner, Elizabeth; Aziza, Rabia; Gitonga, John N; Karanja, Henry; Nyagwange, James; Tuju, James; Wanjiku, Perpetual; Nzomo, Edward; Kamuri, Evans; Thuranira, Kaugiria; Agunda, Sarah; Nyutu, Gideon; Etyang, Anthony O; Adetifa, Ifedayo M O; Kagucia, Eunice; Uyoga, Sophie; Otiende, Mark; Otieno, Edward; Ndwiga, Leonard; Agoti, Charles N; Aman, Rashid A; Mwangangi, Mercy; Amoth, Patrick; Kasera, Kadondi; Nyaguara, Amek; Ng'ang'a, Wangari; Ochola, Lucy B; Namdala, Emukule; Gaunya, Oscar; Okuku, Rosemary; Barasa, Edwine; Bejon, Philip; Tsofa, Benjamin; Ochola-Oyier, L Isabella; Warimwe, George M; Agweyu, Ambrose; Scott, J Anthony G; Gallagher, Katherine E.
  • Lucinde RK; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Mugo D; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Bottomley C; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Karani A; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Gardiner E; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Aziza R; School of Life Sciences and the Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (SBIDER), University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
  • Gitonga JN; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Karanja H; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Nyagwange J; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Tuju J; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Wanjiku P; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Nzomo E; Kilifi County Hospital, Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Kamuri E; Kenyatta National Hospital, Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Thuranira K; Kenyatta National Hospital, Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Agunda S; Kenyatta National Hospital, Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Nyutu G; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Etyang AO; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Adetifa IMO; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Kagucia E; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Uyoga S; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Otiende M; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Otieno E; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Ndwiga L; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Agoti CN; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Aman RA; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Mwangangi M; Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Amoth P; Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Kasera K; Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Nyaguara A; Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Ng'ang'a W; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Ochola LB; Presidential Policy and Strategy Unit, The Presidency, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Namdala E; Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Gaunya O; Busia Country Teaching & Referral Hospital, Busia, Kenya.
  • Okuku R; Busia Country Teaching & Referral Hospital, Busia, Kenya.
  • Barasa E; Busia Country Teaching & Referral Hospital, Busia, Kenya.
  • Bejon P; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Tsofa B; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  • Ochola-Oyier LI; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Warimwe GM; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
  • Agweyu A; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Scott JAG; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
  • Gallagher KE; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
PLoS One ; 17(10): e0265478, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2079676
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

The high proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections that have remained undetected presents a challenge to tracking the progress of the pandemic and estimating the extent of population immunity.

METHODS:

We used residual blood samples from women attending antenatal care services at three hospitals in Kenya between August 2020 and October 2021and a validated IgG ELISA for SARS-Cov-2 spike protein and adjusted the results for assay sensitivity and specificity. We fitted a two-component mixture model as an alternative to the threshold analysis to estimate of the proportion of individuals with past SARS-CoV-2 infection.

RESULTS:

We estimated seroprevalence in 2,981 women; 706 in Nairobi, 567 in Busia and 1,708 in Kilifi. By October 2021, 13% of participants were vaccinated (at least one dose) in Nairobi, 2% in Busia. Adjusted seroprevalence rose in all sites; from 50% (95%CI 42-58) in August 2020, to 85% (95%CI 78-92) in October 2021 in Nairobi; from 31% (95%CI 25-37) in May 2021 to 71% (95%CI 64-77) in October 2021 in Busia; and from 1% (95% CI 0-3) in September 2020 to 63% (95% CI 56-69) in October 2021 in Kilifi. Mixture modelling, suggests adjusted cross-sectional prevalence estimates are underestimates; seroprevalence in October 2021 could be 74% in Busia and 72% in Kilifi.

CONCLUSIONS:

There has been substantial, unobserved transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Nairobi, Busia and Kilifi Counties. Due to the length of time since the beginning of the pandemic, repeated cross-sectional surveys are now difficult to interpret without the use of models to account for antibody waning.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0265478

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0265478