COVID-19 Impacts on Whale-Watching Collaboration Networks
Sustainability
; 14(21):13846, 2022.
Article
in English
| MDPI | ID: covidwho-2090323
ABSTRACT
Whale-watching tourism generates high-income seasonal livelihoods in coastal communities on the Mexican Pacific Coast;however, this sector is at risk from accelerated global changes. We evaluated the responses of a collaboration of tourism networks regarding the impacts COVID-19 using a longitudinal social network approach. We used a two-wave snowball method to identify potential interviewees and followed geographic and jurisdictional criteria using a face-to-face survey to map collaboration ties between 38 stakeholders involved in whale-watching tourism before and after the second wave of the pandemic. We also asked this group of stakeholders about their perceived impacts of COVID-19. We found slightly higher connectivity and centralization levels in the social networks after the pandemic. Loss of income and reservations, a decrease in both conservations and pollution, and an increase in the reduction in wildlife tourism were the main self-reported impacts. We also detected harmful pandemic legacies, such as whale-watching tours conducted using unregulated private boats. This research directly informs Mexico's whale-watching tourism policy by showing the management and coordination challenges that stakeholders face in a post-pandemic context. While the social fabric of coastal communities has been resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic, we found indications that the governance of marine resources can easily unravel if rule of law is absent.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
MDPI
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
Language:
English
Journal:
Sustainability
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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