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Analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-neutralizing antibody titers in different vaccinated and unvaccinated convalescent plasma sources.
Sullivan, David J; Franchini, Massimo; Joyner, Michael J; Casadevall, Arturo; Focosi, Daniele.
  • Sullivan DJ; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
  • Franchini M; Division of Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, 46100, Mantua, Italy.
  • Joyner MJ; Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.
  • Casadevall A; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
  • Focosi D; North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124, Pisa, Italy. daniele.focosi@gmail.com.
Nat Commun ; 13(1): 6478, 2022 Oct 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2096708
ABSTRACT
The latest SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron, with its immune escape from therapeutic anti-Spike monoclonal antibodies and WA-1 vaccine-elicited sera, demonstrates the continued relevance of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) therapies. Lessons learnt from previous usage of CCP suggests focusing on early outpatients and immunocompromised recipients, with high neutralizing antibody titer units. Here, we systematically review Omicron-neutralizing plasma activity data, and report that approximately 47% (424/902) of CCP samples from unvaccinated pre-Omicron donors neutralizes Omicron BA.1 with a very low geometric mean of geometric mean titers for 50% neutralization GM(GMT50) of ~13, representing a > 20-fold reduction from WA-1 neutralization. Non-convalescent subjects who had received two doses of mRNA vaccines had a GM(GMT50) for Omicron BA.1 neutralization of ~27. However, plasma from vaccinees recovering from either previous pre-Omicron variants of concern infection, Omicron BA.1 infection, or third-dose uninfected vaccinees was nearly 100% neutralizing against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 with GM(GMT(50)) all over 189, 10 times higher than pre-Omicron CCP. Fully vaccinated and post-BA.1 plasma (Vax-CCP) had a GM(GMT50) > 450 for BA.4/5 and >1,500 for BA.1 and BA.2. These findings have implications for both CCP stocks collected in prior pandemic periods and for future plans to restart CCP collections. Thus, Vax-CCP provides an effective tool to combat ongoing variants that escape therapeutic monoclonal antibodies.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Reviews Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-022-33864-y

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Reviews Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Nat Commun Journal subject: Biology / Science Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41467-022-33864-y