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Brief mindful coloring for stress reduction in nurses working in a Hong Kong hospital during COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial.
Fong, Janet Shuk Yan; Hui, Anna Na Na; Ho, Ka Man; Chan, Albert Kam Ming; Lee, Anna.
  • Fong JSY; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China.
  • Hui ANN; Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China.
  • Ho KM; Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China.
  • Chan AKM; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, China.
  • Lee A; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, China.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 101(43): e31253, 2022 Oct 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2097512
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Effective interventions to promote well-being at work are required to reduce the prevalence and consequences of stress and burnout especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study determined the effects of mindful coloring on perceived stress levels, mental well-being, burnout, and state and trait mindfulness levels for nurses during COVID-19.

METHODS:

This was a single-center, two-armed, parallel, superiority, blinded randomized controlled trial. Seventy-seven participants were randomly allocated (by computer-generated sequence) to either mindful coloring (n = 39) or waitlist control groups (n = 38). Twenty-seven nurses in the mindful coloring group and 32 in the control group were included in the full compliance per protocol analysis. The mindful coloring intervention included participants viewing a 3-minutes instructional video and coloring mandalas for at least 5 working days or 100 minutes in total during a 10-day period. Participants in both groups completed the Perceived Stress Scale (total score 0-40), short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (total score 7-35), Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (3 subscales), Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (total score 24-120) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-State version (total score 0-30) instruments. The primary outcome was the perceived stress level.

RESULTS:

Baseline prevalence of moderate to high perceived stress level was high (79.2%). There was a large mindful coloring effect on reducing mean perceived stress levels (Mean difference [MD] in change between groups -3.0, 95% CI -5.0 to -1.00; Cohen's d = 0.80). Mindful coloring may lead to a small improvement in mental well-being level (P = .08), with an improvement found in the intervention group (MD 0.9, 95% CI 0.0-1.8, P = .04) through enhanced state mindfulness (P < .001). There were no effects on changing burnout subscales or trait mindfulness levels. No adverse reactions were reported.

CONCLUSION:

Coloring mandalas may be an effective low-cost brief intervention to reduce perceived stress levels through enhancing state mindfulness and it may promote mental well-being. Hospitals may promote or provide mindful coloring as a self-care and stress-relief practice for nurses during their off hours or work breaks.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Burnout, Professional / Mindfulness / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: MD.0000000000031253

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Burnout, Professional / Mindfulness / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: MD.0000000000031253