Pre-existing humoral immunity to low pathogenic human coronaviruses exhibits limited cross-reactive antibodies response against SARS-CoV-2 in children.
Front Immunol
; 13: 1042406, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2099154
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes asymptomatic or mild symptoms, even rare hospitalization in children. A major concern is whether the pre-existing antibodies induced by low pathogenic human coronaviruses (LPH-CoVs) in children can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. To address this unresolved question, we analyzed the pre-existing spike (S)-specific immunoglobin (Ig) G antibodies against LPH-CoVs and the cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in 658 serum samples collected from children prior to SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. We found that the seroprevalence of these four LPH-CoVs reached 75.84%, and about 24.64% of the seropositive samples had cross-reactive IgG antibodies against the nucleocapsid, S, and receptor binding domain antigens of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the re-infections with different LPH-CoVs occurred frequently in children and tended to increase the cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. From the forty-nine serum samples with cross-reactive anti-S IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, we found that seven samples with a median age of 1.4 years old had detected neutralizing activity for the wild-type or mutant SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotypes. Interestingly, all of the seven samples contained anti-S IgG antibodies against HCoV-OC43. Together, these data suggest that children's pre-existing antibodies to LPH-CoVs have limited cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against SRAS-CoV-2.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Coronaviridae
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Limits:
Child
/
Humans
/
Infant
Language:
English
Journal:
Front Immunol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Fimmu.2022.1042406
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