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Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Metformin Alone and in Combination with Sitagliptin in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with COVID-19.
Al-Kuraishy, Hayder M; Al-Gareeb, Ali I; Albogami, Sarah M; Jean-Marc, Sabatier; Nadwa, Eman Hassan; Hafiz, Amin A; A Negm, Walaa; Kamal, Marwa; Al-Jouboury, Mohammed; Elekhnawy, Engy; Batiha, Gaber El-Saber; Waard, Michel De.
  • Al-Kuraishy HM; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AL-Mustansiriyia University, Baghdad 14132, Iraq.
  • Al-Gareeb AI; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AL-Mustansiriyia University, Baghdad 14132, Iraq.
  • Albogami SM; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
  • Jean-Marc S; Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), CNRS UMR 7051, Faculté des sciences médi-cales et paramédicales, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
  • Nadwa EH; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia.
  • Hafiz AA; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
  • A Negm W; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia.
  • Kamal M; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
  • Al-Jouboury M; Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt.
  • Elekhnawy E; Department of Community Medicine and Statistics, College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
  • Batiha GE; Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
  • Waard M; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) ; 15(11)2022 Nov 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2099704
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a potential risk factor for the development of COVID-19 and is associated with higher severity and mortality rates. T2DM patients are commonly treated with metformin monotherapy or metformin plus sitagliptin. In the present case-control, single-center cohort study, a total number of 112 T2DM patients suffering from COVID-19 and aged 44-62 years old were compared with 78 T2DM patients without COVID-19 and aged 42-56 years old. Both the patient group and the control group were allocated into four groups. Group A T2DM patients with COVID-19 on metformin treatments plus standard therapy (n = 60); group B T2DM patients with COVID-19 on metformin plus sitagliptin plus standard therapy (n = 52); group C T2DM patients without COVID-19 on metformin treatments (n = 40); and group D T2DM patients without COVID-19 on metformin plus sitagliptin (n = 38). The investigation duration was 2-3 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, serological and biochemical investigations, pulmonary radiological findings, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Only 101 T2DM patients with COVID-19 continued the study, 71 (70.29%) with mild-moderate COVID-19 and 30 (29.7%) with severe COVID-19 were compared with 78 T2DM patients as a control. Inflammatory biomarkers (C reactive protein, ferritin, and procalcitonin), a lung injury biomarker (lactate dehydrogenase), and a coagulopathy biomarker (D-dimer) were elevated in severe COVID-19 patients compared with mild-moderate COVID-19 (p < 0.05) and T2DM patients (p < 0.05). However, metformin plus sitagliptin was more effective than metformin monotherapy in T2DM patients with COVID-19, as evidenced by the mitigation of oxidative stress, CT scan score, and clinical outcomes. The present study confirmed the protective effects of this combination against the development of COVID-19 severity, as most T2DM COVID-19 patients develop mild-moderate forms. Herein, the combination of metformin and sitagliptin may lead to more beneficial effects than metformin monotherapy.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ph15111361

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ph15111361