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Canine Coronavirus Activates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor during In Vitro Infection.
Cerracchio, Claudia; Serra, Francesco; Amoroso, Maria Grazia; Fiorito, Filomena.
  • Cerracchio C; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy.
  • Serra F; Department of Animal Health, Unit of Virology, Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
  • Amoroso MG; Department of Animal Health, Unit of Virology, Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
  • Fiorito F; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy.
Viruses ; 14(11)2022 Nov 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2099860
ABSTRACT
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that interacts with substrates, including microbial metabolites. Recent advances reveal that AhR is involved in the host response to coronaviruses (CoVs) infection. Particularly, AhR antagonists decrease the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via AhR up-regulation, resulting in suppression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in mammalian cells. Herein, we report that AhR is expressed in canine fibrosarcoma (A72) cells, where it is considerably activated by infection with genotype II of canine coronavirus (CCoV-II). The pharmacological inhibition of AhR, by CH223191, suppressed cell death signs and increased cell viability. Furthermore, the AhR antagonist induced a meaningful decline in virus yield, accompanied by the inhibition of the expression of viral nuclear protein (NP). Fascinatingly, during CCoV infection, a novel co-expression of NP and AhR expression was found. Taken together, our preliminary findings show that infection with CCoV activates AhR, and pharmacologic AhR inhibition reduces CCoV replication, identifying AhR as a possible candidate target for CCoV antiviral therapy.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus, Canine / COVID-19 Limits: Animals Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V14112437

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coronavirus, Canine / COVID-19 Limits: Animals Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V14112437