Evaluation of Circulating Gelsolin in Iraqi Patients with COVID-19 as Early Predictor Marker of Disease Severity

ABSTRACT

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a global health issue. The current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic necessitates the rapid development of therapies that enhance the outcomes of persons suffering from severe illness. To enhance the treatment of COVID-19 patients, early and effective indicators of disease severity are required. Gelsolin (GSN) is a circulating protein that is promptly consumed by extreme tissue injury and causes actin filament depolymerization, blocking downstream inflammatory processes. Objective: The aim of the presented work is to study if serum gelsolin levels had any relationship with Covid-19 infection and severity indicator in order to revealed if serum gelsolin could be utilized as a disease predictor marker severity. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 90 Covid-19 patients and 90 healthy volunteers as the control group (with age ranged between 45-60 years) The patients were obtained from Al-Amal hospitals in Najaf city, Iraq, between Nov., 2020 and June, 2021. COVID-19 patients were separated into two groups based on the degree of their condition, which are mild/moderate disease and severe disease. Blood samples were taken and all demographic and clinical data of the sick and healthy groups were recorded. GSN levels in the blood were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Colorimetric techniques were used to determine the activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and albumin levels. ichroma assessed serum ferritin and D-dimer, and CBC by spincell3. Ran a statistical analysis to noticed if they were linked to illness severity. Results: GSN levels were considerably lower in some patient groups. However, as compared to the mild/moderate instance of patients, the level of GSN was considerably lower in the mild and severe COVID-19 groups. Patients (95.45 ± 35.36) had considerably lower serum (GSN) levels than mild/moderate patients (172.32 ± 44.76) while. Healthy group (289.52 ± 71.33) (P 0.001). suggesting that it is an independent predictor of coronavirus infection Serum (GSN) levels were significantly and adversely connected with Age (year), SBP mmHg ferritin, (AST, ALT, ALP activity levels), and D-dimer levels, whereas GSN levels were significantly and positively correlated with Lymph percent levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, serum GSN concentration was lower in COVID-19 patients compared to the mild/moderate case group and healthy controls. Extensive tissue injury depletes and quickly consumes serum gelsolin (GSN), a naturally occurring, abundant circulating protein. The finding that considerable depletion is linked to eventual bad outcomes in a variety of clinical situations in severe inflammatory diseases holds hope for preventing lung harm and other injury organs. © 2022, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.