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The bullwhip effect, T-cell telomeres, and SARS-CoV-2.
Aviv, Abraham.
  • Aviv A; Center of Human Development and Aging, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA. Electronic address: avivab@njms.rutgers.edu.
Lancet Healthy Longev ; 3(10): e715-e721, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2250596
ABSTRACT
Both myeloid cells, which contribute to innate immunity, and lymphoid cells, which dominate adaptive immunity, partake in defending against SARS-CoV-2. In response to the virus, the otherwise slow haematopoietic production supply chain quickly unleashes its preconfigured myeloid element, which largely resists a bullwhip-like effect. By contrast, the lymphoid element risks a bullwhip-like effect when it produces T cells and B cells that are specifically designed to clear the virus. As T-cell production is telomere-length dependent and telomeres shorten with age, older adults are at higher risk of a T-cell shortfall when contracting SARS-CoV-2 than are younger adults. A poorly calibrated adaptive immune response, stemming from a bullwhip-like effect, compounded by a T-cell deficit, might thus contribute to the propensity of people with inherently short T-cell telomeres to develop severe COVID-19. The immune systems of these individuals might also generate an inadequate T-cell response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Aged / Humans Language: English Journal: Lancet Healthy Longev Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Aged / Humans Language: English Journal: Lancet Healthy Longev Year: 2022 Document Type: Article