SARS-CoV-2 ORF8: One protein, seemingly one structure, and many functions.
Front Immunol
; 13: 1035559, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2109772
ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes nine accessory proteins that are involved in host-pathogen interaction. ORF8 is unique among these accessory proteins. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 shares a surprisingly low amino acid sequence similarity with SARS-COV ORF8 (30%), and it is presumed to have originated from bat. Studies have shown that ORF8 exerts multiple different functions that interfere with host immune responses, including the downregulation of MHC class I molecules. These functions may represent strategies of host immune evasion. The x-ray crystal structure of ORF8 revealed an immunoglobulin-like domain with several distinguishing features. To date, there are numerous unanswered questions about SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein and its structure-function relationship that we discuss in this mini-review. A better understanding of how ORF8 interacts with components of the immune system is needed for elucidating COVID-19 pathogenesis and to develop new avenues for the treatment of the disease.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Front Immunol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Fimmu.2022.1035559
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