The Role of Immunosuppressants, Vaccination, and Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in COVID-19 Outcomes for Liver and Renal Transplant Recipients

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Post-transplant immunosuppression may leave solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and related morbidity. Additionally, the inability to predict any improvement in clinical outcomes offered by a 3-vaccine series suggests the need to consider further therapeutic options such as a fourth mRNA vaccine dose and the use of tixagevimab/cilgavimab for SOT recipients. Demographic Data of LRT Recipients Stratified by Number of Vaccine Doses Before COVID-19 Diagnosis *y years Variable Response Number of Vaccine Doses Before COVID-19 Diagnosis All 0 1 2 3 (N=255) (N=161) (N=16) (N=56) (N=22) Age Mean (SD), y 57.6 (13.56) 57.1 (13.07) 56.2 (13.37) 57.8 (15.28) 61.5 (12.75) Median, y 59 58 57 61.5 64.5 Gender F, n (%) 108 (42) 66 (41) 4 (25) 27 (48) 11 (50) M, n (%) 147 (58) 95 (59) 12 (75) 29 (52) 11 (50) Race White, n (%) 141 (55) 88 (55) 9 (56) 34 (61) 10 (45) Black, n (%) 104 (41) 65 (40) 7 (44) 22 (39) 10 (45) Hispanic, n (%) 6 (2) 6 (4) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Asian, n (%) 4 (2) 2 (1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (9)