Research progress of mRNA vaccine delivery system

ABSTRACT

Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine is characteristic of subunit vaccines and live attenuated vectors. It can simultaneously induce humoral and cellular immunity, and has the advantage of easy to produce on a large scale. Therefore, great application prospects are seen in the field of infectious diseases and the treatment of major diseases. In the field of biomedicine, mRNA vaccine has been deeply cultivated for decades. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic and the pandemic, the process of listing mRNA vaccines has been greatly accelerated and promoted. The COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as the carrier which deliver the mRNA encoding the COVID-19 spike protein antigen information to host cells, were successfully launched, showing good safety and efficacy. Meanwhile, the development of the delivery system, as the key technology of mRNA vaccines, has also become a "battlefield" for the development of mRNA technology. Various delivery technologies, including LNPs, are being actively developed in China and abroad. Safe and effective delivery with independent intellectual property rights will become the key to promote the marketing of mRNA products, which will obtain benefits in the future. This article reviews the mRNA vaccine delivery system and research progress. Copyright © 2022, Chinese Journal of New Drugs Co. Ltd. All right reserved.