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Is self-reported depression, HIV status, COVID-19 health risk profile and SARS-CoV-2 exposure associated with difficulty in adhering to COVID-19 prevention measures among residents in West Africa?
Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Abeldaño Zuniga, Roberto Ariel; Abeldaño, Giuliana Florencia; Quadri, Mir Faeq Ali; Jafer, Mohammed; Yousaf, Muhammad Abrar; Ellakany, Passent; Nzimande, Ntombifuthi; Ara, Eshrat; Al-Khanati, Nuraldeen Maher; Khalid, Zumama; Lawal, Folake; Roque, Mark; Lusher, Joanne; Popoola, Bamidele O; Khan, Abeedha Tu-Allah; Ayanore, Martin Amogre; Gaffar, Balgis; Virtanen, Jorma I; Aly, Nourhan M; Okeibunor, Joseph Chukwudi; El Tantawi, Maha; Nguyen, Annie Lu.
  • Folayan MO; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Abeldaño Zuniga RA; Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Abeldaño GF; Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Quadri MFA; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Jafer M; Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur., Oaxaca, Mexico.
  • Yousaf MA; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ellakany P; School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur., Oaxaca, Mexico.
  • Nzimande N; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ara E; Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
  • Al-Khanati NM; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Khalid Z; Division of Dental Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
  • Lawal F; Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
  • Roque M; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Lusher J; Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan.
  • Popoola BO; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Khan AT; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
  • Ayanore MA; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Gaffar B; Department of Economic and Human Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szeged, 6722, Szeged, Hungary.
  • Virtanen JI; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Aly NM; Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, MA Road Srinagar Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
  • Okeibunor JC; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • El Tantawi M; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria.
  • Nguyen AL; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
BMC Public Health ; 22(1): 2057, 2022 11 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2116793
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The aim of this study was to determine whether self-reported depression, coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) health risk profile, HIV status, and SARS-CoV-2 exposure were associated with the use of COVID-19 prevention measures.

METHODS:

This survey collected data electronically between June 29 and December 31, 2020 from a convenient sample of 5050 adults 18 years and above living in 12 West African countries. The dependent variables were social distancing, working remotely, difficulty obtaining face masks and difficulty washing hands often. The independent variables were self-reported depression, having a health risk for COVID-19 (high, moderate and little/no risk), living with HIV and COVID-19 status (SARS-CoV-2 positive tests, having COVID-19 symptoms but not getting tested, having a close friend who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and knowing someone who died from COVID-19). Four binary logistic regression models were developed to model the associations between the dependent and independent variables, adjusting for socio-demographic variables (age, gender, educational status, employment status and living status).

RESULTS:

There were 2412 (47.8%) male participants and the mean (standard deviation) age was 36.94 (11.47) years. Respondents who reported depression had higher odds of working remotely (AOR 1.341), and having difficulty obtaining face masks (AOR 1.923;) and washing hands often (AOR 1.263). People living with HIV had significantly lower odds of having difficulty washing hands often (AOR 0.483). Respondents with moderate health risk for COVID-19 had significantly higher odds of social distancing (AOR 1.144) and those with high health risk had difficulty obtaining face masks (AOR 1.910). Respondents who had a close friend who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (AOR 1.132) and knew someone who died of COVID-19 (AOR 1.094) had significantly higher odds of social distancing. Those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had significantly lower odds of social distancing (AOR 0.629) and working remotely (AOR 0.713). Those who had symptoms of COVID-19 but did not get tested had significantly lower odds of social distancing (AOR 0.783) but significantly higher odds of working remotely (AOR 1.277).

CONCLUSIONS:

The study signifies a disparity in the access to and use of COVID-19 preventative measures that is allied to the health and COVID-19 status of residents in West Africa. Present findings point to risk compensation behaviours in explaining this outcome.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: HIV Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: BMC Public Health Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12889-022-14429-6

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: HIV Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: BMC Public Health Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12889-022-14429-6