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Association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 infection and mortality.
Gibbons, Jason B; Norton, Edward C; McCullough, Jeffrey S; Meltzer, David O; Lavigne, Jill; Fiedler, Virginia C; Gibbons, Robert D.
  • Gibbons JB; Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Jgibbo13@jhu.edu.
  • Norton EC; Department of Veterans Health Affairs, Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Canandaigua, USA. Jgibbo13@jhu.edu.
  • McCullough JS; Department of Economics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
  • Meltzer DO; National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, USA.
  • Lavigne J; Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
  • Fiedler VC; Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
  • Gibbons RD; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 19397, 2022 Nov 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2119266
ABSTRACT
Vitamin D deficiency has long been associated with reduced immune function that can lead to viral infection. Several studies have shown that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increases the risk of infection with COVID-19. However, it is unknown if treatment with Vitamin D can reduce the associated risk of COVID-19 infection, which is the focus of this study. In the population of US veterans, we show that Vitamin D2 and D3 fills were associated with reductions in COVID-19 infection of 28% and 20%, respectively [(D3 Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.80, [95% CI 0.77, 0.83]), D2 HR = 0.72, [95% CI 0.65, 0.79]]. Mortality within 30-days of COVID-19 infection was similarly 33% lower with Vitamin D3 and 25% lower with D2 (D3 HR = 0.67, [95% CI 0.59, 0.75]; D2 HR = 0.75, [95% CI 0.55, 1.04]). We also find that after controlling for vitamin D blood levels, veterans receiving higher dosages of Vitamin D obtained greater benefits from supplementation than veterans receiving lower dosages. Veterans with Vitamin D blood levels between 0 and 19 ng/ml exhibited the largest decrease in COVID-19 infection following supplementation. Black veterans received greater associated COVID-19 risk reductions with supplementation than White veterans. As a safe, widely available, and affordable treatment, Vitamin D may help to reduce the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vitamin D Deficiency / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid / Traditional medicine Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-24053-4

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Vitamin D Deficiency / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid / Traditional medicine Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-24053-4