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Olfactory and neurological outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 from acute infection to recovery.
Desai, Deesha D; Yu, Sophie E; Salvatore, Brock; Goldberg, Zoe; Bowers, Eve M R; Moore, John A; Phan, BaDoi; Lee, Stella E.
  • Desai DD; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
  • Yu SE; Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
  • Salvatore B; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
  • Goldberg Z; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
  • Bowers EMR; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
  • Moore JA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
  • Phan B; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
  • Lee SE; Division of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Front Allergy ; 3: 1019274, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2119580
ABSTRACT
Educational

objective:

To investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on sinonasal quality of life, olfaction, and cognition at different stages of viral infection and evaluate the association between olfaction and cognition in this population cohort.

Objectives:

While olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a frequently reported symptom of COVID-19 (98% prevalence), neurocognitive symptoms are becoming more apparent as patients recover from infection. This study aims to address how different stages of infection [active infection (positive PCR test, symptomatic) vs. recovered (7 days post-symptoms)] compared to healthy control patients influence sinonasal quality of life, olfactory function, and cognition. Study

design:

Prospective, longitudinal, case-control.

Methods:

Participants completed the SNOT-22, University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and validated cognitive examinations to assess degree of smell loss and neurocognitive function at baseline and at 1 and 3 months for the active group and 3 months for the recovered group. Self-reported olfactory function and overall health metrics were also collected.

Results:

The recovered group had the lowest average UPSIT score of 27.6 compared to 32.7 (active) and 32.6 (healthy control). 80% (n = 24) of the recovered patients and 56.3% (n = 9) of the active patients suffered from smell loss. In follow-up, the active group showed improvement in UPSIT scores while the recovered group scores worsened. In terms of neurocognitive performance, recovered patients had lower processing speed despite an improving UPSIT score.

Conclusion:

SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to impact olfactory function in a delayed fashion with significant impact despite recovery from active infection. Although olfactory function improved, decrements in cognitive processing speed were detected in our cohort.
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Front Allergy Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Falgy.2022.1019274

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Front Allergy Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Falgy.2022.1019274