COVID-19 and kidney failure, a mini-review to recent evidence

ABSTRACT

In COVID-19 infection, most of the renal disturbances are due to acute tubular necrosis. Renal dysfunction occurs in severe COVID-19 infection and is usually secondary to sepsis, cytokine storm, and hypotension. Other conditions, such as exacerbated inflammatory responses, dehydration, hypoxia, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, pneumonia, septicemia, drug nephrotoxicity, and myocardial dysfunction also contribute to renal failure. © 2022 The Author(s);Published by Nickan Research Institute. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http//creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.