Relationship between vitamin D binding protein (DBP) gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus COVID-19 patients in Iraq

ABSTRACT

The current study has been directed to distinguish the powerful influence of the demographic characteristics changes and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) single nucleotides polymorphism rs2282679 on patients with COVID-19 in comparison with healthy people. This study was totally covered eighty patients who were dived into groups 60 patients with COVID-19 and 20 healthy subjects as control. As a result, the demographic characteristics of patients and control subjects were included age, gender, residency, occupation, smoking people and not, and married status. So the result was shown that mean age, gender and frequency distribution of patients have no significant difference between patients and control subjects (P = 0.277 and P = 0.299 in respectively). Furthermore, the mean and the frequency distribution of residency, occupation, and smoking were non-significant effects on patients with COVID-19 compared to the healthy group, (P = 0.093, P = 0.519) respectively, but the marital status was a significant increase (P = 0.008). However, the demographic changes in patients significantly increased COVID-19 infection. Also, chronic diseases were involved in this study, in particular, diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension diseases were covered in relation to COVID-19, so both diseases were highly presented with significant differences rates between patients and control subjects (P = 0.001 for DM and P = 0.001 for hypertension). Moreover, the association between DBP rs2282679 polymorphism in relationship with risk of COVID-19 were studied which were displayed that heterozygous genotype AC was significantly more frequency (P = 0.01) in the COVID-19 patient's group compared to the control group, but the homozygous genotype AA was non-significant (P = 0.08) in COVID-19 patients. Afterwards, Allele A was more frequent and highly significant (P = 0.192) in the patient's group. This study was concluded that demographic changes with COVID-19 would be more increased the intensive infection, and mortality rate of disease. In the same way, diabetes mellitus and systematic hypertension diseases are the high-risk factors for COVID-19. Furthermore, VDBP rs2282679 polymorphism was clearly increased the COVID-19 infection, and heterozygous genotype AC was high frequent in patients and a risk factor for Covid-19, also allele A was absolutely a potential risk factor for Covid-19.