ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Immunogenicity and Immunological Response Following COVID-19 Infection in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis

ABSTRACT

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and the immune response post-COVID-19 infection in ESRD with HD patients. Method(s) The blood samples were obtained at baseline, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up after each shot or recovery. All participants were measured for anti-spike IgG by the ELISA method using Euroimmun. Result(s) This study found a significant increase in anti-spike IgG after 1 month of two-shot ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, followed by a significant decrease after 3 months. On the other hand, the anti-spike IgG was maintained in the post-recovery group. There was no significant difference in the change of anti-spike IgG between oneshot ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinated and post-recovery groups for both 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. The seroconversion rate for the vaccinated group was 60.32% at one-month after one-shot vaccination and slightly dropped to 58.73% at 3-month followup, then was 92.06% at one-month after two-shot vaccination and reduced to 82.26% at 3-month follow-up. For the recovered group, the seroconversion rate was 95.65% at one-month post-recovery and 92.50% at 3-month follow-up. Conclusion(s) This study established the immunogenicity of two-shot ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in ESRD patients with HD for humoral immunity. After COVID-19 infection, the humoral immune response was strong and could be maintained for at least three months.