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The SARS-CoV-2 spike S375F mutation characterizes the Omicron BA.1 variant.
Kimura, Izumi; Yamasoba, Daichi; Nasser, Hesham; Zahradnik, Jiri; Kosugi, Yusuke; Wu, Jiaqi; Nagata, Kayoko; Uriu, Keiya; Tanaka, Yuri L; Ito, Jumpei; Shimizu, Ryo; Tan, Toong Seng; Butlertanaka, Erika P; Asakura, Hiroyuki; Sadamasu, Kenji; Yoshimura, Kazuhisa; Ueno, Takamasa; Takaori-Kondo, Akifumi; Schreiber, Gideon; Toyoda, Mako; Shirakawa, Kotaro; Irie, Takashi; Saito, Akatsuki; Nakagawa, So; Ikeda, Terumasa; Sato, Kei.
  • Kimura I; Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.
  • Yamasoba D; Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.
  • Nasser H; Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 6500017, Japan.
  • Zahradnik J; Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan.
  • Kosugi Y; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41511, Egypt.
  • Wu J; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
  • Nagata K; Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.
  • Uriu K; Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
  • Tanaka YL; Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 2591193, Japan.
  • Ito J; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 3220012, Japan.
  • Shimizu R; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan.
  • Tan TS; Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.
  • Butlertanaka EP; Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
  • Asakura H; Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan.
  • Sadamasu K; Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.
  • Yoshimura K; Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan.
  • Ueno T; Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan.
  • Takaori-Kondo A; Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan.
  • Schreiber G; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo 1690073, Japan.
  • Toyoda M; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo 1690073, Japan.
  • Shirakawa K; Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan.
  • Irie T; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan.
  • Saito A; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
  • Ikeda T; Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan.
  • Sato K; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan.
iScience ; 25(12): 105720, 2022 Dec 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2131227
ABSTRACT
Recent studies have revealed the unique virological characteristics of Omicron, particularly those of its spike protein, such as less cleavage efficacy in cells, reduced ACE2 binding affinity, and poor fusogenicity. However, it remains unclear which mutation(s) determine these three virological characteristics of Omicron spike. Here, we show that these characteristics of the Omicron spike protein are determined by its receptor-binding domain. Of interest, molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that acquisition of the spike S375F mutation was closely associated with the explosive spread of Omicron in the human population. We further elucidated that the F375 residue forms an interprotomer pi-pi interaction with the H505 residue of another protomer in the spike trimer, conferring the attenuated cleavage efficiency and fusogenicity of Omicron spike. Our data shed light on the evolutionary events underlying the emergence of Omicron at the molecular level.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Topics: Variants Language: English Journal: IScience Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.isci.2022.105720

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Topics: Variants Language: English Journal: IScience Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.isci.2022.105720