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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 are attenuated in rhesus macaques as compared to Delta.
van Doremalen, Neeltje; Singh, Manmeet; Saturday, Taylor A; Yinda, Claude Kwe; Perez-Perez, Lizzette; Bohler, W Forrest; Weishampel, Zachary A; Lewis, Matthew; Schulz, Jonathan E; Williamson, Brandi N; Meade-White, Kimberly; Gallogly, Shane; Okumura, Atsushi; Feldmann, Friederike; Lovaglio, Jamie; Hanley, Patrick W; Shaia, Carl; Feldmann, Heinz; de Wit, Emmie; Munster, Vincent J; Rosenke, Kyle.
  • van Doremalen N; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Singh M; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Saturday TA; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Yinda CK; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Perez-Perez L; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Bohler WF; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Weishampel ZA; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Lewis M; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Schulz JE; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Williamson BN; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Meade-White K; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Gallogly S; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Okumura A; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Feldmann F; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Lovaglio J; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Hanley PW; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Shaia C; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Feldmann H; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • de Wit E; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Munster VJ; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
  • Rosenke K; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Sci Adv ; 8(46): eade1860, 2022 Nov 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2137356
ABSTRACT
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, five different variants of concern (VOCs) have been identified Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Because of confounding factors in the human population, such as preexisting immunity, comparing severity of disease caused by different VOCs is challenging. Here, we investigate disease progression in the rhesus macaque model upon inoculation with the Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 VOCs. Disease severity in rhesus macaques inoculated with Omicron BA.1 or BA.2 was lower than those inoculated with Delta and resulted in significantly lower viral loads in nasal swabs, bronchial cytology brush samples, and lung tissue in rhesus macaques. Cytokines and chemokines were up-regulated in nasosorption samples of Delta animals compared to Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 animals. Overall, these data suggest that, in rhesus macaques, Omicron replicates to lower levels than the Delta VOC, resulting in reduced clinical disease.

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Variants Language: English Journal: Sci Adv Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Sciadv.ade1860

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Variants Language: English Journal: Sci Adv Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Sciadv.ade1860