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Covid-19 vaccination can induce multiple sclerosis via cross-reactive CD4+ T cells recognizing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and myelin peptides
Multiple Sclerosis Journal ; 28(3 Supplement):776, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-2138820
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can lead to a wide range of acute and also chronic disease manifestations. The rapidly developed vaccinations are highly effective in preventing severe disease courses and have been proven safe. Both natural infection and, to a much lower extent, the mRNAbased vaccinations can be accompanied by transient autoimmune phenomena or onset of autoimmune diseases. Objective(s) We report here two cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) with clinical and new radiological signs beginning in close temporal relation to spike (S) protein mRNA-based vaccinations. Aim(s) To establish that the onset of MS in these two cases is very likely caused by CD4+ T cell clones that cross-recognize SARSCoV- 2 S protein-derived peptides and peptides derived from myelin proteins, which have previously been implicated in MS. Method(s) Spike specific CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood and CD4+ T cells from CSF sample were isolated and expanded for autoantigen screening test. A list of well-known MS-related autoantigens including immunodominant peptides and isoforms from MBP, MOG, PLP, RASGRP2, TSTA3 peptides were included to assess T cell reactivity. CD4+ CFSElow fraction were sorted after stimulate with positive autoantigen pools or SARSCov- 2 Spike protein, followed by expansion and testing with autoantigen peptides and Spike protein. Supernatant from cell culture were further analyzed for IFN-gamma secretion. Result(s) Self-reactive T cells were detected from Spike specific T cell population in both patients. CD4+ T from CSF also showed reactivity to MBP, MOG, PLP peptide pools. Finally, we found proinflammatory T cell clones that recognize both Spike protein and immunodominant MBP peptides and MOG peptides, which have previously been implicated in MS. Conclusion(s) Detailed studies of both peripheral blood- and CSFderived CD4+ T cells show that the onset of MS in these two cases is very likely caused by CD4+ T cell clones that cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2 S protein-derived peptides and peptides derived from myelin proteins, which have previously been implicated in MS.
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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Type of study: Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Multiple Sclerosis Journal Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Type of study: Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Multiple Sclerosis Journal Year: 2022 Document Type: Article