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Fear of contagion, emotional stress and coping strategies used by adults during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria.
Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Ibigbami, Olanrewaju; Brown, Brandon; El Tantawi, Maha; Aly, Nourhan M; Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño; Abeldaño, Giuliana Florencia; Ara, Eshrat; Ellakany, Passent; Gaffar, Balgis; Al-Khanati, Nuraldeen Maher; Idigbe, Ifeoma; Ishabiyi, Anthonia Omotola; Jafer, Mohammed; Khan, Abeedha Tu-Allah; Khalid, Zumama; Lawal, Folake Barakat; Lusher, Joanne; Nzimande, Ntombifuthi P; Popoola, Bamidele Olubukola; Quadri, Mir Faeq Ali; Roque, Mark; Okeibunor, Joseph Chukwudi; Nguyen, Annie Lu.
  • Folayan MO; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Ibigbami O; Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Brown B; Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • El Tantawi M; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Aly NM; Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
  • Zuñiga RAA; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Abeldaño GF; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt.
  • Ara E; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ellakany P; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt.
  • Gaffar B; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Al-Khanati NM; Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico.
  • Idigbe I; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ishabiyi AO; School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico.
  • Jafer M; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Khan AT; Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, Moulana Azad Road Srinagar Kashmir (Jammu and Kashmir), Srinagar, 190001, India.
  • Khalid Z; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Lawal FB; Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
  • Lusher J; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Nzimande NP; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
  • Popoola BO; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Quadri MFA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria.
  • Roque M; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Okeibunor JC; Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Nguyen AL; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
BMC Psychiatry ; 22(1): 732, 2022 11 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2139203
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The COVID-19 pandemic has induced high levels of stress. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between emotional stress (COVID-19 related fear, anger, frustration, and loneliness) and the use of coping strategies among adults in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS:

Data from adults aged 18 years and above were collected through an online survey from July to December 2020. The dependent variables were COVID-19 related fear (fear of infection and infecting others with COVID-19), anger, frustration, and loneliness. The independent variables were coping strategies (use of phones to communicate with family and others, video conferencing, indoor exercises, outdoor exercises, meditation/mindfulness practices, engaging in creative activities, learning a new skill, following media coverage related to COVID-19) and alcohol consumption. Five logistic regression models were developed to identify the factors associated with each dependent variables. All models were adjusted for sociodemographic variables (age, sex at birth, and the highest level of education).

RESULTS:

Respondents who consumed alcohol, followed media coverage for COVID-19 related information, and who spoke with friends or family on the phone had higher odds of having fear of contracting COVID-19 or transmitting infection to others, and of feeling angry, frustrated, or lonely (p < 0.05). Respondents who exercised outdoors (AOR 0.69) or learned a new skill (AOR 0.79) had significantly lower odds of having fear of contracting COVID-19. Respondents who practiced meditation or mindfulness (AOR 1.47) had significantly higher odds of feeling angry. Those who spoke with friends and family on the phone (AOR 1.32) and exercised indoors (AOR 1.23) had significantly higher odds of feeling frustrated. Those who did video conferencing (AOR 1.41), exercised outdoors (AOR 1.32) and engaged with creative activities (AOR 1.25) had higher odds of feeling lonely.

CONCLUSION:

Despite the significant association between emotional stress and use of coping strategies among adults in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic, it appears that coping strategies were used to ameliorate rather than prevent emotional stress. Learning new skills and exercising outdoors were used to ameliorate the fear of contracting COVID-19 in older respondents.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Psychological Distress / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Traditional medicine Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: BMC Psychiatry Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12888-022-04360-w

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Psychological Distress / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Traditional medicine Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: BMC Psychiatry Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12888-022-04360-w