Your browser doesn't support javascript.
Changes in air pollution due to COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020: Limited effect on NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 annual means compared to the new WHO Air Quality Guidelines.
do Nascimento, Cleonilde Maria; de Oliveira, Sheilla Andrade; Santana, Otacílio Antunes; Carvalho, Helotonio.
  • do Nascimento CM; Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Biological Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
  • de Oliveira SA; Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
  • Santana OA; Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
  • Carvalho H; Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Biological Sciences Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
J Glob Health ; 12: 05043, 2022 Nov 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2144961
ABSTRACT

Background:

Lockdowns have been fundamental to decreasing disease transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic even after vaccines were available. We aimed to evaluate and compare changes in air quality during the first year of the pandemic in different cities around the world, investigate how these changes correlate with changes in mobility, and analyse how lockdowns affected air pollutants' annual means.

Methods:

We compared the concentrations of NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 in 42 cities around the world in the first months of the pandemic in 2020 to data from 2016-2019 and correlated them with changes in mobility using Human Development Indexes (HDIs). Cities with the highest decreases in air pollutants during this period were evaluated for the whole year 2020. We calculated the annual means for these cities and compared them to the new World Health Organization (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines. A Student's t-test (95% confidence interval) was used to evaluate significant changes.

Results:

Highest decreases in NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 were between -50 and -70%. Cities evaluated for the whole year 2020 generally showed a recovery in air pollution levels after the initial months of the pandemic, except for London. These changes positively correlated with year-long mobility indexes for NO2 and PM2.5 for some cities. The highest reductions in air pollutants' annual means were from -20 to -35%. In general, decreases were higher for NO2, compared to PM2.5 and PM10. All analysed cities showed annual means incompliant with the new WHO Air Quality Guidelines for NO2 of 10 µg/m3, with values 1.7 and 4.3 times higher. For PM2.5, all cities showed values 1.3 to 7.6 times higher than the WHO Guidelines of 5 µg/m3, except for New Delhi, with a value 18 times higher. For PM10, only New York complied with the new guidelines of 15 µg/m3 and all the other cities were 1.1 to 4.2 times higher, except for New Delhi, which was 11 times higher.

Conclusions:

These data show that even during a pandemic that highly affected mobility and economic activities and decreased air pollution around the world, complying with the new WHO Guidelines will demand a global strategical effort in the way we generate energy, move in and around the cities, and manufacture products.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Air Pollutants / Air Pollution / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Glob Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jogh.12.05043

Similar

MEDLINE

...
LILACS

LIS


Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Air Pollutants / Air Pollution / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Glob Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jogh.12.05043